The results of spatial analysis and planar analysis were finely compared with the measured value . by comparison , some conclusions are obtained : model ' s errors are in evidence , when using planar model to analyze the cable - stayed bridge in building , especially for girder ' s distortion ; the transverse distributing of direct stress along axis of bridge is apparent ; and the method of planar analysis ca n ' t satisfactorily solve asymmetry of stress ' s transverse distributing 空间分析结果、平面分析结果与实测结果这三者的比较表明：在pc斜拉桥施工控制中，用平面杆系理论进行结构分析存在一定的模型误差，尤其在主梁的变形分析上；纵桥向正应力沿横向分布的不均匀性明显，用平面杆系理论没法很好地考虑此效应。
Based on the achievements done by others and the feature of superstructures , we establish the segment models under the different loads for the fem calculating of the deck and make it for the final conclusion that the distribution of the stresses in the deck of this main girder are uniform 本文结合已有的研究成果以及金马大桥桥面系的结构特点，通过建立主梁的有限元节段模型，并分工况计算桥面板的正应力分布情况。计算结果表明，肋板式斜拉桥主梁的桥面板正应力分布是比较均匀的。
This variation of stresses is due to the action of in - plane shear strain in the plate , which is termed “ shear - lag ” . stresses larger than the elementary bending uniform stress thus develop at the web - flange connection . an appropriate reduced “ effective width ” of the plate - with the uniform stress equal to the maximum longitudinal stress - has been widely used by engineers in conjunction with the elementary beam bending theory 但实际上翼缘中剪切变形是不均匀的,由此导致正应力沿桥宽呈曲线分布,从而引出了有效宽度的概念,即按初等梁理论的公式也能得与真实应力峰值接近相等的那个翼缘折算宽度。
It is found during the cooling down in some local region that the normal stress difference varies from positive to negative and then turns positive again . the stress accumulates rapidly in the followed thermal treatment in this region , where the chip - on - board package tends to fail from 在冷却过程中某些局域正应力差的变化规律为：该差值从正值变到负值再回到正值，呈振荡状态；局域随热循环进行应力将急剧增加，即处于应力相对集中的状态，这样的区域是芯片易于失效的区域。
Saturated sand are testes in the laboratory under the undrained cyclic loading condition with static - dynamic dual purpose triaxial compression test apparatus , which is designed under the cooperation of hohai university and marui co . ltd japan . the results indicate that the stress path approaches from a initial stress point to the failure lines as cyclic loading goes on , and eventually converges on a certain limiting stress path in the vicinity of the failure lines . the stress - strain curve , however , does not converge on a closed hystersis loop ; the shear strain rapidly increases in looser sand or gradually and continually increases in denser sand 利用河海大学与日本圆井株式会社共同研制的新型的多功能静动三轴仪进行了饱和砂土循环扭剪不排水试验，研究表明，对于松砂，剪应变幅度快速地由微小增加到百分之几甚至百分之十几，对于紧砂，剪应变幅度逐渐地由微小增加到百分之几甚至百分之十几；经试验初步研究表明用初始有效平均正应力归一化的有效应力路径很好的一致性。
This paper argues that it is the adoption of the new anti - literal force members that results in the specific behaviors of the system . by studying the shear lag phenomena of short leg walls , the author wants to show a peculiar aspect of this new structure system . after analyzing the working conditions of the short leg walls in the real structures , the paper deems that the plane - shell element can be used in establishing the finite element model of the short leg walls 论文采用平板壳元建立了短肢剪力墙空间分析有限元模型，推导了单元刚度矩阵，研制了有限单元法计算程序，经计算，给出了t形、 l形、十形三种截面短肢剪力墙截面正应力、剪应力分布的详细图像，概括介绍了构件的变形状况，对短肢剪力墙截面应力分布规律和机理进行了深入细致的探讨，揭示了短肢剪力墙中剪滞效应存在的范围、产生条件、影响因素等。
In view of the inconsistency between the direction of shear stress and total stress components and the normal direction of the corresponding inclined plane , a new three dimensional figure was proposed , which can give direct and intuitionistic description for the magnitude of these stress components 针对剪应力、全应力作用方向与斜面的法向并不一致的问题，给出了一种能够直接描述不同斜面上正应力、剪应力和全应力变化的三维图形，该图形能够非常直观地表示正应力、剪应力以及全应力数值的变化。
