The equations describing the variation of normal stress and shear stress and its graphic presentation were given for the first time 首次给出了过一点不同斜面上正应力、剪应力变化的描述方程及其三维图形。
The mean residual stress of a ^ os ceramic substrate is lower than the mean residual stress of fr4 with the difference around 40 % . 2 当采用陶瓷基板时，剪切应力和正应力的平均值均比采用fr4基板时降低40左右。
The results indicate that the stress path is not affected by changing the initial effective mean stress if the shear stress ratio remains the same 也就是说，如果保持相同的剪应力比，由初始有效平均正应力归一化的有效应力路径不受初始有效平均正应力的影响。
In elementary beam bending theory , it is assumed that the stresses are constant through the width of the beam . however , for the wide flange girders , the stresses are not uniform 按照初等梁理论即假定翼缘板具有无限抗剪刚度,宽翼缘箱梁在荷载作用下翼缘的正应力沿着宽度方向上是均匀分布的。
Ami - sliding safety factors are attained when total sliding force and total anti - sliding force are calculated through normal stress and shear stress acting on the element interfaces 其次，利用刚体弹簧元法求解单元交界面上的正应力和剪应力，从而积分求得滑移路径上的总滑动力和总阻滑力，进而求得各滑动面的抗滑安全系数。
Following the linear analysis , a new nonlinear theory for curved members with i - shaped sections is presented according to the theory of finite deformation , in which the effect of transverse stress is also incorporated 在线性分析的基础上，依据有限变形理论，建立了工字形曲梁涉及稳定问题的非线性理论，其中考虑了横向正应力的影响。
In contrast to conventional procedures , the present method assumes the normal stresses associated with the action of anchorage is approximated by the analytical stress distribution corresponding to an infinite wedge with concentrated force at the apex 应用无限楔体受集中力作用的弹性力学解答计算与锚固力对应的滑面正应力分布，将其与锚固前滑面正应力叠加。
When the substrate is fr4 , the surface shear stress and normal stress difference is at a low level and near zero during curing process and build up during cooling down because of the mismatch of ctes of silicon and substrate 对于fr4基板，在固化过程中，芯片表面的剪切应力和正应力的值很小，其数值在原点上下很窄的范围内波动。在降温过程中，热膨胀系数的失配随着温度的降低而越来越显著，引起应力的积聚。
The information along 3d maximum shear stress tracing line is completely ascertained with the method of parameter transformation , then the changing rule of the normal stress along 3d maximum shear stress tracing line is discussed based on cobevel method 摘要利用坐标变换法证明了一般三维塑性流动问题任意点应力状态，可以完全由三维最大剪应力迹线上的信息确定，进而利用共斜面法给出了三维塑性流动问题沿最大剪应力迹线正应力的变化规律。
Abstract : the information along 3d maximum shear stress tracing line is completely ascertained with the method of parameter transformation , then the changing rule of the normal stress along 3d maximum shear stress tracing line is discussed based on cobevel method 文摘:利用坐标变换法证明了一般三维塑性流动问题任意点应力状态，可以完全由三维最大剪应力迹线上的信息确定，进而利用共斜面法给出了三维塑性流动问题沿最大剪应力迹线正应力的变化规律。
