efferocytosis造句

• C15 was found to promote phagocytosis and efferocytosis in peritoneal macrophages at picomolar concentrations.
• The same model showed that this particular molecule enhances macrophage efferocytosis ( phagocyting apoptotic cells ).
• It enhances human macrophage phagocytosis of particles and efferocytosis of apoptotic human neutrophils and reduces neutrophil infiltration into the inflamed peritoneum of mice.
• During efferocytosis, the cell membrane of phagocytic cells engulfs the apoptotic cell, forming a large fluid-filled vesicle containing the dead cell.
• For apoptosis, the effect of efferocytosis is that dead cells are removed before their membrane integrity is breached and their contents leak into the surrounding tissue.
• Efferocytosis can be performed not only by'professional'phagocytic cells such as macrophages or dendritic cells, but also by many other cell types including epithelial cells and fibroblasts.
• Efferocytosis triggers specific downstream intracellular signal transduction pathways, for example resulting in hepatocyte-and vascular endothelial growth factor, which are thought to promote replacement of the dead cells.
• Defective efferocytosis has been demonstrated in such diseases as cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis, COPD, asthma and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, glomerulonephritis and atherosclerosis.
• These mediators possess a broad range of overlapping activities which act to resolve inflammation; one of the important activities which many of these mediators possess is the stimulation of efferocytosis in inflamed tissues.
• Mar1 enhances the uptake ( i . e . stimulates the efferocytosis ) of apoptotic human neutrophils by human macrophages, stimulates macrophagephagocytosis, and limits the infiltration of neutrophils into the inflamed peritoneum of mice.
• By mechanisms yet to be clearly identified, the two LX's also : a ) stimulate the bacteria-killing capacity of leukocytes and airway epithelial cells; b ) block production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, TNF?, while increasing production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, CCR5 by T lymphocytes; c )'enhance the ability of monocytes and macrophages to phagocytos ( i . e . ingest ) and thereby remove potentially injurious apoptotic neutrophils and eosinophils from inflammatory sites ( see Efferocytosis ) either by direct effecting these cells or by stimulating NK cells to do so; d ) cause various cell types to reduce production of pro-inflammatory reactive oxygen species and expression of Cell adhesion molecules and increase production of the platelet inhibitor, PGI2 and the vasodilator, nitric oxide; e ) inhibit production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by mesangial cells, fibroblasts, and other pro-inflammatory cell types; and f ) reduce perception of pain due to inflammation.