As the concentration of pes solution increases , the pure water flux decreases and the clearance rates of low - molecular weight substances such as urea and creatintine first increase , then decrease , and increase slightly at last 随着铸膜液浓度的上升，水通量呈现总体下降的趋势；膜对低分子物质的去除率先上升，然后下降，随后又略有上升。
With an increase of nmmo concentration of coagulation bath or concentration of casting solution , the crystallinity of membrane increases . however , an increase of temperature of coagulation bath is accompanied by a decrease of crystallinity of membrane 膜的结晶度随铸膜液浓度、凝固浴浓度、刮膜速度的增加而增大，随凝固浴温度的升高而降低。
The effect of casting solution compositions and preparation conditions on membrane structure and performance was discussed . modern instrumental analysis was used to investigate the membrane surface , cross - section and inner section 探讨了铸膜液组成及制备条件对膜性能和结构的影响,并采用现代仪器分析手段对膜的表面、截面和内部结构进行了研究和分析。
The determination of the cloud point of pu - sio2 , pes - sio2 suspensions was obtained by titration . the results showed that the addition of si02 with a high specific surface made polymer chains adsorbed at the surface , influenced the phase behavior of suspensions , shifted the bimodal to lower nonsolvent concentrations , and the water tolerance became bad 实验证明，具有高比表面积、多孔性的sio _ 2对pu 、 pes铸膜液的相行为有较大影响，随着sio _ 2加入，双节线向聚合物-溶剂轴移动，均相区变小，分相区变大，分相时需要非溶剂的量变小，铸膜液的耐水性变差。
The article is focused on the modification studies of chitosan ultrafiltrating compound membrane ( cs compound membrane ) on the basis of preceding researches . it includes adding cross - linking agent , modification agent , acylation agent in the casting membrane solution . the result shows that the new modification membrane are better in the phychemical properties and separation properties 本文是在前面研究的基础上，着重进行了聚氨基葡糖复合超滤膜(简称cs复合膜)的改性研究.通过从交联剂、改性剂、乙酰化试剂等方面的改性来寻求最佳的铸膜液配方.结果表明，改性后的膜能达到较好的物化性能和分离性能
The dual - bath coagulation method suggested by j . a . va n ' t hof could be used in membranes with high selectivity clearance rate of low - molecular weight substances and moderate water flux theoretically . therefore it may be applied in the field of hemofiltration . to improve and optimize the performance of the pes ultrafiltration membrane applied in the hf , here the flat membranes and hollow fiber ( hf ) membranes are made in certain conditions based on the dual - bath coagulation method where pes is used as the membrane material , dmso as solvent and pvp & peg as additives this paper includes five parts as follow : 1 为了改善和优化聚醚砜超滤膜(单浴法)在血液过滤实际应用中的性能，本论文以j . a . van ' thof等提出的双凝固浴法为基础，以聚醚砜( pes )为主要成膜材料，以二甲基亚砜为溶剂，并添加一定分子量的致孔剂( pvp ，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮)以及一定分子量的添加剂( peg ，聚乙二醇)按照一定配比在一定温度下制成透明均一的铸膜液，静置脱泡后在一定的工艺条件下制成聚醚砜平板膜和中空纤维膜，然后通过测试膜的结构和性能来评估其用于血液过滤中的前景。
This is due to three reasons : ( 1 ) sio2 influenced the phase behavior of suspensions , shifted the bimodal to lower nonsolvltil concentrations , so that it changed the skin characteristics and pore structure . ( 2 ) there was a kind of interfaeial micro - void ( this is the spaces between the phase of polymer matrix and distributive sio2 particles or ca phase ) existing in the membrane . this enhanced interconnectivity of the membrane pores 原因在于： sio _ 2影响铸膜液的分相条件，继而影响膜的表皮成孔性和膜孔结构； sio _ 2在膜基质中的存在，使平板膜变为多相结构，相与相之间的界面空隙形成了界面微孔，增加了膜孔的连通性： sio _ 2表面有许多si - oh基团，增加了膜的亲水性。
The results indicate the even blended , clear suspensions owned a good stability and flowability , and can used as casting membrane solutions . both the stability of active carbon power suspensions and the integration properties of membrane being made from them were bad . coagulant bath temperature had a strong influence on pu , pes composite flat membrane 结果表明，经过充分分散的sio _ 2填充聚合物铸膜液，均匀透明，具有较好的稳定性和流动性，适于用作平板膜和中空纤维膜的原料液；而活性炭粉填充聚合物铸膜液稳定性较差，所得膜的综合性能也差于sio _ 2填充膜。
Abstract : in the process of preparing ultrafiltration membrane , the introduction of hydrated lanthanum oxide la2o3 . nh2o makes the ultrafiltration membrane possess two functions - separating large molecules and decreasing the concentration of fluorine in the water . the mechanism of removing fluorine of the ultrafiltration membrane was discussed 文摘:在超滤膜制备过程中，向铸膜液中引入亲氟物质水合氧化镧，经熟化后制备的混合超滤膜具有分离大分子和降低水体中氟离子浓度两种功能.以含氟饮用水为研究对象，对其混合膜的降氟机理进行了探讨
By using atomic force microscopy ( afm ) investigation on the membrane surface , different separation properties can be explained very well according to the data of pore size . increasing temperature or nmmo concentration of coagulation bath or decreasing concentration of casting solution leads to larger skin pore size , wider pore size distribution and higher values of the roughness parameters 用原子力显微镜( afm )对膜表面形态的分析表明：膜表面孔径随着铸膜液浓度的降低、凝固浴温度和浓度的升高而逐渐变大，且孔径分布变宽。
