As we learned to decouple business logic from the interface , through layers of abstraction , automated testing of single modules of code replaced manual testing via the gui 当我们学会通过抽象层将商业逻辑从界面中分离出来时，各个单独代码模块的自动测试就替代了通过gui进行的手工测试。
We start with a discussion of why manual testing is important and what problems can plague it when it s managed using excel spreadsheets or word tables , as it commonly is 像往常一样，我们以讨论为什么手工测试很重要，还有当它打算使用excel电子表格和word表格时，可能遇到的问题为开端。
Work with former manual test we found that it can not satisfy the need of software testing in many aspects , so we have to develop a new method for software testing 但是伴随着发展的同时我们发现,传统手工测试已经不能满足软件测试的需要,我们急需一种新型的测试技术来支持软件测试的发展。
Ibm rational manual tester is the tool that testing staffs have been waiting for to address the problems listed above and make management of manual test scripts simple and straightforward Ibm rational manual tester是那些测试人员等待解决以上所列问题的工具，简单直接的管理手工测试脚本。
Finally , in a nod toward test - driven development , manual test scripts can be given to the development staff to provide a clear description of the way the application should flow across use cases 最后，测试驱动的开发过程中，手工测试脚本可以为开发人员提供一个关于应用软件实现用例方式的清晰描述。
Testing is often a labor - intensive undertaking . manual test efforts tend to find the bulk of errors toward the end of the release cycle or during beta testing , where they are more expensive to fix 测试是劳动密集型工作，手工测试试图在软件发布前或是在beta测试中发现尽可能多的错误，因为在此之后修正错误的成本是软件工程周期中最高的。
If a project would normally take ten testers one year for manual testing , and you are going to add two programmer - years of automation work , you will have to keep the ten testers and add two programmers 例如，如果某项目通常需要十个测试人员手工测试一年，而你想要为自动化工作投入两个人年，那你就需要保持这十个测试人员，并增加两个程序员。
In this case , we import a new technique named automated software testing . automated software testing can do the test automatically by running corresponding test scripts , and it can do more complex tasks than manual test does 自动化测试技术就在这时应运而生,它可以完成许多手工测试无法完成的复杂项目,并极大地提高软件测试的效率,是软件测试领域的一个最新发展方向。
Importing such legacy scripts benefits individuals outside of the test department , such as end users , use case analysts , or project managers who have the need to create manual test scripts for validation or communication purposes 导入那种原始的脚本有助于测试组织外的个人，像是最终使用者，用例分析师，或者项目经理，为了确认或者交流的目标，他们都需要建立手工测试脚本。
The pressure is on to deliver the gui , but being the exacting programmer that you are , you fire it up for one last manual test only to discover erroneous behavior - behavior that should have been caught by the automated tests 发布这个gui的期限到了，但是，作为一个象您这样严格的程序员，只是为了发现错误的行为本该在自动化测试中就被捕捉到的行为，您启动了程序，对它做最后一次手工测试。
