Dendritic cells ( dc ) are the most potent professional antigen - presenting cells ( apc ) , required for the initiation of immune response . for all that the mechanism of dc functions are not fully elucidated 树突状细胞( dendriticcell ， dc )是一种重要的专职抗原提呈细胞( apc ) ，具有刺激初始型t细胞增殖、启动初次免疫应答的独特功能，是t细胞免疫应答的直接启动者和调控者。
Studies in recent years suggest a view of c ii ta as a master regulator controlling expression of class ii mhc genes . the regulation of c ii ta largely determines the presence or absence of class ii mhc and its degree of expression and thus the nature of the immune response 近年的研究提示c ta是控制mhc -类基因表达的主宰调节者，决定着mhc -类分子的存在与否及表达程度，也决定了免疫应答的本质。
Genetic vaccine is quite different in structure from traditional ones . the experiments show that delivery of genetic material into an animal ' s cells can trigger some synthesiztion of the encoden proteins as well as of antibodies targeted against those proteins 核酸疫苗是将编码某种抗原蛋白的外源基因插入某种表达载体中并直接导入的动物体内，表达抗原蛋白，并诱导宿主产生对该抗原蛋白免疫应答的革命性的新型疫苗。
Up to now , clinical trails have been conducted in u . s . a . and europe to observe the antitumor effects of exosomes . exosomes may be a kind of potential vaccines for tumors in future . on the other hand , exosomes may be a kind of tolerogenic materials 为此，我们以一种c57bl / 6来源的3lllewis肺癌细胞系建立模型，用3ll细胞系和3ll肿瘤组织分泌的exosomes进行了体内和体外的功能实验，并从t细胞免疫应答的角度初步探讨了其作用的机制。
This paper probes into the construction of linguistic style , influential factors and effects of this communication process , thus seeking out the common features and universal potential principles that should be observed , thereby guiding people to respond properly to compliments in communication 本文通过分析称赞语应答的语体特征的构成、对称赞语回应的影响和作用，从中找出称赞语回应的共同特征和应该遵守的潜规则，指导人们如何在交际中得体回应别人的称赞。
“ indeed , neural circuits for laughter exist in very ancient regions of the brain , and ancestral forms of play and laughter existed in other animals eons before we humans came along with our ' ha - ha - has ' and verbal repartee , ” says jaak panksepp , a neuroscientist at bowling green state university 的确，笑的神经?路存在于大脑的非常古老区域，传承自久远时代的玩耍和笑声的形式早在我们人类出现哈哈哈和口头敏捷应答的很久之前，就存在于其他动物身上，布林格陵州立大学的神经科学家杰克潘克塞普如此表示。
In fact , because of the restriction from physical memory , speed of the cpu and the operation system , when a lot of data coming in little time , it " s very difficult for the server to process all the requests in time . in the condition , the reply will be delayed and maybe some packets will be lost . in the most awful environment , that will results in sending of the packet once more , which will again gives more load of the bandwidth and the server 由于客观存在的物理内存、 cpu的处理速度以及操作系统等各方面的制约，当有突发的大量数据到达时，服务器往往无法及时处理完所有收到的请求，从而造成应答的滞后、请求的丢失等情况，更严重的是这将导致一些请求报文由于超时而重发，这样不仅加重了传输线路的负载，而且也加重了服务器的处理负担。
To broaden our knowledge about regulatory molecules involved in stress response , we cloned the dreb1c from arabidopsis , and characterized its salt tolerance in transgenic research first . the flowing results were obtained : 1 . . the dreb1c full length was cloned from arabidopsis genome by pcr , and was inserted into pgem - t - easy vector 为了拓宽对参与植物胁迫应答的调控分子的认识，本论文从dreb1c的克隆着手，以拟南芥为材料，通过转基因的方法，首次研究了dreb1c这种erebp / ap2类蛋白对植物耐盐性的的影响，研究结果如下： 1
In view of the common property of dendritic cells and complement , namely their ability to link innate and acquired immunity , and with no reports , to date , addressing the direct effects of complement on the biological functions of dendritic cells , we decided to study the interaction between the complement system and dendritic cells 本研究的完成有助于在免疫应答的调控机制方面获得新的认识，并对补体和dc在连接天然免疫和获得性免疫之间的作用及相互关系能有更全面的理解，为进一步从新的角度和思路深入研究dc在抗原特异性免疫应答与免疫耐受中的作用及其机制奠定基础。
By testing , the system satisfies the industry field control conditions based on the demand of the i / o switch output and analog signals output analog the field equipment , the time of data transmission delays less than 20ms , the interval time between state inquiry and data reply is less than 5ms 硬件系统已经完成，以i o开关输出和模拟信号输出模拟现场设备的控制要求，经过测试，数据传输延时时间小于20ms ，紧急状态查询和应答的时间间隔少于5ms ，能够满足工业现场控制的一般要求。
