The author , by studying hamilton ' s judiciary independence theory , thinks that the key point in reforming the judiciary system in our country is to improve the quality of judgers and a take a elite way so as to achieve the judiciary independence in our country 作者通过探究汉密尔顿的司法独立思想认为我国目前司法改革的重点在于理顺现行司法体制，提高法官资质，走“精英司法”道路，以促成司法独立在中国的最终实现。
The first of the dissertation is about the present situation and problems of the judicial system of china . the second part is about the aim , standard and principle of the revolution of the judicial system . the third part is about the supervisory system of judicial power 本文第一部分主要说明我国司法体制的现状和问题，第二部分主要说明我国司法体制改革的目标和标准、改革的原则，第三部分着重探讨对司法权监督制约的体制。
What needed by founding scientific systems of theories on administrative act and practicing of rule of law of administration and even practicing of rule of law is to make a deeper study of definition of administrative act and define its intension and extension according to principles and the needs of practice of rule of law , and in consideration of customs of chinese language and chinese legal culture and judicial system of organization , and also in application of logic analysis , historic analysis , prescriptive method , descriptive method , semantic analysis , case research and comparative research . through profound and scientific demonstration , the thesis defines administrative act as the act of administration organ , authorized organization and person by law , which have executive power factors , including rechtsgeschaft of administration , geschaftsahnliche handlung of administration , relakt of administration 本论文从法治原理出发，根据法治实践的需要，在充分尊重汉语语言的表达习惯及考虑我国的法律文化及司法体制等因素的基础上，采用历史考察、语义分析、逻辑分析、比较分析、规范分析与实证分析等方法，经过深入的分析和科学的论证，将行政行为界定为行政机关或法律、法规授权的组织和个人具有行政职权因素的行为，包括行政法律行为、准行政法律行为和行政事实行为。
In accordance with the requirements of judicial justice and strict law enforcement , we should improve the setups of judicial organs , the delimitation of their functions and powers and their management systems so as to form a sound judicial system featuring clearly specified powers and responsibilities , mutual coordination and restraint and highly efficient operation 按照公正司法和严格执法的要求，完善司法机关的机构设置职权划分和管理制度，进一步健全权责明确相互配合相互制约高效运行的司法体制。从制度上保证审判机关和检察机关依法独立公正地行使审判权和检察权。
In the second part , the author analyses the existing issue and reason in the mutual procedure of the two kinds of power . at present , there exist three malice phenomena that are mutual filtrate , mutual evasion and mutual invasion , the author , after deeply analyzing our country ’ s history , cultural tradition , contemporary judicial system ’ s malady and the defects of administrative procedural system , rationally criticizes the malice mutual phenomena in the execution of administrative trial power and administrative power 阐析当前我国行政审判权与行政权互动过程中存在互相渗透、互相规避、互相僭越等三种恶性互动表现,从我国历史、文化传统、现行司法体制的弊端和行政诉讼制度存在的问题等四个方面深入剖析成因,特别是结合当前行政审判实际,对我国《行政诉讼法》颁布以来办理案件情况进行分析研究,理性批判现实中行政审判权与行政权行使的恶性互动现象。
The fourth chapter was under the title of " fact - affirmation power " , the fifth " law - application power " , and the sixth " proceeding - direction power " . in the first chapter " positive study of the trial power " , beginning with the basic meaning of the civil trial power , the writer gave a brief clearance of the historical development sequence of the trial power ; and upon this , he gave his own opinions about the system guarantee and reform of the moving of the civil trial power . he viewed that as for the guarantee , whe 认为，就我国现行民事审判权运行的制度保障而言，无论是其中的组织制度，还是人事制度，抑或是活动制度都不同程度地存有问题，因此，对组织制度和人事制度应进行相应的变革，而对活动制度则应进一步地落实与完善；同时并认为，对包括民事审判制度在内的司法体制的改革应有统一的领导机构来进行部署和协调，以确保改革的成功。
Abstract : during the colonialera , the impact of po rtuguese law on african customary law mainly included three ways : on administration , african customary law was weakened by enlarging the powers of the colonial governmentetc . ; on legislation , it was modified by making indigenous statuteetc . ; on judicature , it was restricted by dual judicial systemsetc 文摘:殖民时期葡萄牙法对非洲习惯法的影响主要表现在三个方面：行政方面，通过扩大殖民行政权力，控制非洲传统酋长，限制黑人参政议政权等削弱习惯法的作用；立法方面，通过修改葡萄牙宪法，制定《殖民地法》 、 《土著法》等修改非洲习惯法；司法方面，通过建立双重司法体制，并改革非洲法院，利用特别条款推行西方生活方式等限制非洲习惯法的适用。
This kind of power - oriented principle more or less was used in the legislation of civil procedural law in 1991 , furthermore , our country has been insisting on the legislative tradition of “ coarseness is better than precise ” in long term and our judicial system is not independent which resulting in serious place - protection . the above factors make our district jurisdictional system unfit to the current need to market economy system earmarked of right inevitably , it results in a lot of irregularities 这种以权力为本位的理念或多或少地反映到1991年民事诉讼法的制定中,再加之我国长期坚持“宜粗不宜细”的立法传统以及当前我国司法体制不独立,地方保护主义比较严重的现状,这些因素都必然使我国地域管辖规则无法适应当前以权利为特征的市场经济体制的需要,而出现许多的弊端。
