Five specimens have been designed and tested , among which four specimens are frame joints between concrete - filled steel tubular core columns and prestressed concrete beams and one specimen that is a contrast is a joint between a reinforced concrete column and a prestressed concrete beam 本文设计试验了5榀节点试件，其中4榀为采用了不同直径钢管的钢管混凝土核心柱与预应力混凝土梁框架节点； 1榀为普通混凝土柱与预应力混凝土梁框架节点，该节点作为对比之用。
The influences of the steel tubes on the failure modes of specimens , on the shear strength of core area of joints , on the stiffness of joints , on the ductility and on the energy dissipation . meanwhile , both the function of concrete - filled steel tubular core columns in raising aseismic strength and the hysteretic behavior of joints specimens have been studied . in addition , the failure modes , the strength , stiffness , the ductility and the energy dissipation of the joints between concrete - filled steel tubular core columns and prestressed concrete beams , of have compared with those of the joint between a reinforced concrete column and a prestressed concrete beam 根据试验结果，描绘了试件在低周反复荷载作用下的受力性能及破坏形态，分析了试件的有关强度指标、节点刚度、延性及耗能能力，讨论了柱内钢管对节点试件在破坏形态、核心区抗剪承载力、刚度、延性及耗能能力等方面的影响、钢管混凝土核心柱对提高节点抗震性能的作用以及节点的滞回特性，比较了钢管混凝土核心柱与预应力混凝土梁框架节点和普通预应力混凝土框架节点在破坏形态、节点强度、节点刚度、延性及耗能能力等方面的充业庶：钢营捉枉土较心往与扭应力捉枉土要节点低周反复荷敢试验研兜差异。
Abstract : this paper studies several main codes of prestressed concrete in the world and analyses their methods to calculate the long - term stress losses . all these methods are divided into two groups . the author introduces the theory of the first group ? ? “ the age - adjusted effective modulus method ( aemm ) ” and analyses how to determine the modulus used in these methods . then , as example , two prestressed concrete beams are calculated to compare the result of different methods . at last , some recommendations for the calculation of long - term stress losses are given to improve the present code of our country 文摘:定性分析了国内外几本主要规范、规程和建议中关于预应力长期损失的计算方法，将其分为两类，推导了第一类方法的理论基础? ?龄期调整的有效模量法，详细分析了第一类计算方法中各系数的取值，并以两根预应力混凝土梁为例对各方法的计算结果进行了定量分析，最后对我国预应力长期损失计算方法提出了改进建议。
Based on the test data of hundreds of pre - stressed concrete beams , this paper studies the factors that influence the ultimate shear strength of those beams . and those factors have been analyzed by correlation analysis of grey system theory . the analysis result shows that which is the first factor influences the ultimate shear strength and which one is the next 本文根据国内外预应力混凝土梁斜截面抗剪承载力试验资料，分析了影响预应力混凝土梁斜截面抗剪承载力的主要因素，并对这些因素进行灰色关联分析，得出各因子对预应力混凝土梁斜截面抗剪承载力影响程度的大小排序。
Considering the behaviors of unbonded prestressed concrete beams and steel reinforced concrete columns , a kind of nonconforming beam - column element was constructed and the analysis precision was improved . loading and reloading paths were introduced into the constitutive relationship of concrete . it is helpful to the analysis program to trace the full - range mechanical behavior of structures including the descending part and the hysterisis characteristic under cyclic loading 考虑无粘结预应力混凝土梁、型钢混凝土柱等结构构件的受力特点，构造非协调梁柱单元，提高了分析精度；混凝土的本构关系中，引入卸载路径和再加载路径，使得分析程序可以追踪包括下降段在内的结构全过程力学行为，以及反复荷载下结构的滞回特性。
Deformations , curvatures , strains of the beams and the stress increments of unbonded prestressed tendons were measured and the crack distribution and failure models were observed . the bearing capability and ductility of unbonded partially prestressed concrete beams were deeply analyzed 在试验中，量测了梁的变形、曲率、应变、无粘结筋的应力增量等关键数据，观察了梁的裂缝分布、破坏形态，并对无粘结部分预应力混凝土梁的承载能力、延性等基本力学性能进行了较为深入的分析。
Based on the results of experimental research , we can find that the construction method of joints zone are feasible and safe , the joints between concrete - filled steel tubular core columns and prestressed concrete beams have good ductility and good energy dissipation , and the concrete - filled steel tubular core columns can raise the shear strength of core area of joints and the bending strength of the column ends 试验研究发现，针对该节点所设计的构造处理方式是可行的、安全的，钢管混凝土核心柱与预应力混凝土梁框架节点有着很好的延性和能量耗散能力，由于柱为钢管混凝土核心柱，大大提高了节点核心区的抗剪承载力，同时也使柱端抗弯承载力得到加强。
This paper studies several main codes of prestressed concrete in the world and analyses their methods to calculate the long - term stress losses . all these methods are divided into two groups . the author introduces the theory of the first group ? ? “ the age - adjusted effective modulus method ( aemm ) ” and analyses how to determine the modulus used in these methods . then , as example , two prestressed concrete beams are calculated to compare the result of different methods . at last , some recommendations for the calculation of long - term stress losses are given to improve the present code of our country 定性分析了国内外几本主要规范、规程和建议中关于预应力长期损失的计算方法，将其分为两类，推导了第一类方法的理论基础? ?龄期调整的有效模量法，详细分析了第一类计算方法中各系数的取值，并以两根预应力混凝土梁为例对各方法的计算结果进行了定量分析，最后对我国预应力长期损失计算方法提出了改进建议。
Based on such characteristics and the researches of the country and outside , this paper mainly studies at the automatic distribution of prestressing cables of prestressed concrete beam bridge and the automatic working drawing of the steel bundles . in this paper , based on the study of the group of the project , it sets up a fuzzy optimum math - model of the prestressed degree for prestressing cables disposition of prestressed concrete continuous beam bridges . and in the drawing of the steel bundles , the set up of the " prestressing cable model " makes its course convenient 本文针对现有的桥梁cad系统的不足，从工程实际应用的角度出发，初步构想了预应力混凝土梁桥cad系统的框架，并主要在其自动配束以及预应力钢束布置图的自动绘制方面作了一定的分析与研究：在配束方面，根据其设计的特点及存在预应力束调配过程烦琐的现象，引入数学方法，基于模糊集合和预应力度的概念，初步探讨了连续梁桥预应力钢束自动配置的机理；在钢束图的绘制上，根据对钢束特点的分析，提出了“钢束模型”的概念，对预应力束进行描述，并给出了控制“钢束模型”以及钢束布置的参数，据此，作者采用fortran语言编写了钢束布置图的绘制程序，实现了钢束布置图的自动绘制。
It is one of primary reasons that people had no sufficient knowledge on constructural behavior of concrete beam with external prestress , and the application of the external prestressing technology was " " restraint . therefor , researchers of home and overseas have carried out a series of study on concrete beams with external prestress 其主要原因之一是人们对体外预应力混凝土梁的结构行为没有足够的认识，阻碍了体外预应力技术的应用。为此国内外对体外预应力混凝土梁开展了一系列的研究。
