The ethernet which is used widely at present is a typical non - real - time network because of access conflict that leads uncertain data transmission time . if we want to realize real - time application in the current software and hardware environment of ethernet , we must solve the question of access conflict 而目前应用极为广泛的以太网由于访问冲突问题，其数据传输时间不确定，是一种典型的非实时网络，如果要充分利用现有的以太网软硬件环境，实现实时应用，就必须设法解决以太网的访问冲突问题。
In order for this to work successfully shandong needed a vc solution which would support up to 20 sites at 768kbps with dual video capabilities , to ensure that the professor could display the subject matter he was lecturing on . the chosen system needed to be highly stable with the ability to schedule conferences in advance in order to minimize setup time . shandong educational institute contacted several different video conferencing vendors to see if they could provide a solution to meet the project requirements 并且可将主播教室中教师进行多媒体授课的全部情景过程进行录制，制作成高级流式多媒体授课课件放到校园网上供师生点播，实现非实时的远程教学另外，还可作为其它大学的授课点，与其它院校合作办学，在本地为其它院校招收学员，最终实现学院自己开办网络学院。
Secondly a three - period action research project is carried out . in the project , the freshmen of network education institute of south china normal university in autumn 2003 enrolling in the course named " distance learning method " are choosed as the experimental object . the author as a tutor uses synchronous or asynchronous ways like chatroom , forum ( bbs ) , e - mail and homework system etc , and then adopts " triangulation " to analyze the platform data , q uestionnaire investigation , interview and self - introspection of researcher synthetically , verifying the effect of the guiding activities to the course 在远程教育理论、学习理论和教学系统设计理论的指导下，初步设计出网络教师指导活动的方案，并通过行动研究，选取华师网院2003秋季入学学生公共必修课程《远程学习方法》 ，应用值机答疑(聊天室) 、论坛( bbs ) 、电子邮件和作业系统等实时或者非实时的手段，将此设计方案运用课程指导中，最后采用“三角互证法” ，对平台数据、问卷调查和访谈以及研究者的反思记录进行综合分析，验证对该课程指导的效果。
The background management , such as initialization , adjusting of parameter , display of motor position etc . , are completed by the host computer through the functions of pmac dll pcomm32 , which is provided by delta tau data system inc . multithread multimedia timer and double buffer are used to read data from dpram 上位机通过调用pcomm32动态连接库中的函数实现系统后台管理等非实时性任务，包括系统初始化、系统参数调整、坐标显示、机床操作控制等。采用win32下的多线程技术，结合多媒体定时器技术和双缓冲区存储技术，实时从dpram中采集机床坐标并存盘。
The writer concerns that electronic offer should be divided into two types : real - time offer and non - real - time offer . the former belongs to dialogic offer , the time when they become effective are the same with dialogic offers . most of the latter belong to non - dialogic offer , and go into effect when they arrive 本文认为，应将电子要约区分为实时与非实时两种类型，实时电子要约属于对话式要约，按对话式要约确定生效时间；非实时电子要约大多属于非对话式要约，采用到达生效的原则。
