运行费用

• The funds shortage was the mainly problem of basic agricultural extension system , 78 % of their funds have to rely on their own income generation activities for support of extension activities
  基层推广机构78 %的运行费用要靠经营创收来解决,经费短缺问题已成为影响基层推广机构正常运转的最大问题。
• As far as the large workshop with changeable dust is concerned , the general ventilation is expensive , depletive , and , at the same time , ca n ' t meet the request of environmental protection
  但是，对于有变动尘源的高大厂房而言，采用全面通风不但运行费用高、耗能大，而且不能满足环保节能的要求。
• Calculation models of the initial investment and operating cost of different air conditioning systems are given . according to economics knowledge , several economic indicators are proposed
  本文还给出了不同空调系统初投资和运行费用的计算模型，并借鉴经济学知识提出几种关于蓄能空调的经济评价指标。
• The main cost of thermal power plant chiefly is the coal consumption , and the operating cost of ball mill is only the one small part . it is not necessity to do risk and sensitivity analysis
  火力发电厂的发电成本主要是煤耗，球磨机的运行费用只是发电费用中的一小部分，所以本文没有做风险分析和敏感性分析。
• Use of self heating and self radiating structure , a change to the conventional water cooling structure , so as to achieve simple structure , small volume , economy of operation cost , outstanding performance and dependable operation
  采用自热散热结构，改变了传统的水冷却结构，使结构简单，体积小，节约运行费用，性能好，使用可靠。
• Most rapid prototyping ( rp ) systems have the following disadvantages : bulky , expensive , and requiring a large cost . so the advanced technology and its system are restricted to be applied
  快速原型( rapidprototyping ： rp )系统一般体积过大、投资过高、零件制造成本及系统运行费用昂贵，严重阻碍了该种先进技术及系统的推广与应用。
• The results show that each target is superior to traditional heating system : the heat efficiency is higher by 20 % , the operating cost is lower by 50 % , the system starts quicker , the isothermal characteristic is better
  结果表明：真空相变供热系统热效率比传统供热装置高20 % ，运行费用节省50 % ，启动快，等温性好，各项性能指标均优于传统供热系统。
• Under reasonable assumptions , the mathematical model of optimization of ice storage system is founded . nonlinear optimization is implemented and analyzed in an office building to minimize the operating cost
  基于合理的假设下，建立了冰蓄冷系统运行优化的数学模型，在国内首次采用非线性优化方法对某办公楼冰蓄冷系统进行了运行费用的优化和分析。
• The reactive power optimization of a radial distribution system can efficiently minimize the real power losses and improve voltage level of it , so that the yearly running charge will be reduced and the quality of power energy can be increased
  配电网无功优化可以有效地降低网络有功损耗，提高系统的电压合格率，从而降低网络运行费用，提高供电质量。