超新星爆发

• The one - million - second image shows a bright outer ring ( green ) ten light years in diameter that marks the location of a shock wave generated by the supernova explosion
  曝光100万秒的图象揭示出了直径10光年的明亮外环（绿色） ，这里标志着超新星爆发产生的激波起源。
• Data from the chandra observation show that the central ten - million - degree celsius cloud is the remains of a supernova explosion that destroyed a white dwarf star
  来自钱德拉的观测数据表明，中心温度达上千万摄氏度的云湍团是超新星爆发的残余，爆发摧毁了一颗白矮星。
• Cepheid variables are dimmer than the type i supernova . as a result , the supernova allows us to measure the distances of galaxies further away , but it happens much less often
  I型超新星比造父变星光亮，所以能够量度更遥远星系的距离，唯一缺点是不经常有i型超新星爆发。
• The diffuse x - ray cloud is due to gas that has accumulated in the central region and been heated to millions of degrees , probably by shock waves from supernova explosions
  弥漫的x射线云的成因是中心区域所积累并被加热到数百万度的气体，加热的可能原因是超新星爆发产生的激波。
• About two years after the discovery of the supernova explosion sn1987a , kristian et al . 1989 claimed to have discovered within this sn1987a a 0 . 5 ms optical pulsar which was disproved about one year later
  在发现sn1987a超新星爆发两年后，基斯坦和他的同僚宣称他们在sn1987a内发现了一颗自转周期为0 . 5毫秒的的脉冲星。
• We found that the luminosities of type i supernovae are about the same . therefore , we can compute the distance to a galaxy by measuring the apparent brightness of a type i supernova in that galaxy , if we can find one
  科学家发现原来所有这种超新星爆发的光度都是差不多的，所以我们只要找到这种超新星，便可以由它的视亮度推算出它和地球的距离，从而得知它所处身星系的距离。
• Higher mass stars will die in spectacular stellar explosions called supernovae , leaving behind even more compact objects - neutron stars for stars of mass lower than 25 solar masses and black holes for stars of mass higher than 25 solar masses
  一些质量大于8个太阳质量但少于25个太阳质量的恒星在超新星爆发后会成为中子星，而质量大于25个太阳质量的恒星最终会演化成黑洞。
• Astronomers found that certain kind of supernova outbursts could be used as a cosmic yardstick . by measuring the luminosity of these supernovae , accurate distances between the earth and the supernovae together with their host galaxies can be worked out
  首先，天文学家发现某类超新星爆发可被视作宇宙的量天尺，只要测出超新星的光度，便能准确地测定超新星及其所在星系离我们多远。
• Gravitational waves are ripples in the fabric of space and time produced by events in our galaxy and throughout universe , such as black hole collisions , shockwaves from the cores of exploding supernovas , and rotating pulsars , neutron stars , and quark stars
  引力波是时空结构的波动，由我们银河系乃至整个宇宙中发生的事件，比如黑洞碰撞、超新星爆发时核心产生的激波以及旋转的脉冲星、中子星和夸克星所产生。
• These events include two kinds of stellar explosions : ( 1 ) nova explosions , in which one of the two members of a binary star system hurls dust and gas into space ; ( 2 ) much more violent supernova explosions , in which a star collapses , then throws off most of its matter
  这些事件包括两种类型的恒星爆发： （ 1 ）新星爆发，双星系统中的一员将气体和尘埃猛烈抛入太空； （ 2 ）更为猛烈的超新星爆发，那是一颗恒星崩溃时几乎把它所有物质都抛出去了。