Article 7 where an administrative organ and its personnel infringe upon the lawful rights and interests of a citizen , a legal person or other organization and cause damage when exercising its administrative functions and powers , the organ shall be responsible for fulfilling compensatory obligations 第七条行政机关及其工作人员行使行政职权侵犯公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益造成损害的，该行政机关为赔偿义务机关。
Com pared to other countries , ours is not just an explanation of administrative subject is defined as an administrative legal pe ; son who can exercise administrative activities in his own name and undertake the leaal responsibility that the activities may bring to him as well 行政主体被界定为享有行政职权，能以自己的名义从事行政活动，并因此承担实施行政活动产生的法律责任的行政法人，包括行政机关和法律法规授权组织。
What needed by founding scientific systems of theories on administrative act and practicing of rule of law of administration and even practicing of rule of law is to make a deeper study of definition of administrative act and define its intension and extension according to principles and the needs of practice of rule of law , and in consideration of customs of chinese language and chinese legal culture and judicial system of organization , and also in application of logic analysis , historic analysis , prescriptive method , descriptive method , semantic analysis , case research and comparative research . through profound and scientific demonstration , the thesis defines administrative act as the act of administration organ , authorized organization and person by law , which have executive power factors , including rechtsgeschaft of administration , geschaftsahnliche handlung of administration , relakt of administration 本论文从法治原理出发，根据法治实践的需要，在充分尊重汉语语言的表达习惯及考虑我国的法律文化及司法体制等因素的基础上，采用历史考察、语义分析、逻辑分析、比较分析、规范分析与实证分析等方法，经过深入的分析和科学的论证，将行政行为界定为行政机关或法律、法规授权的组织和个人具有行政职权因素的行为，包括行政法律行为、准行政法律行为和行政事实行为。
The principle of not using mediation in administration procedure with the exception of the administration compensation dispute applied , is to strictly forbid the random jus dispodendi of administration subject in the litigation process , and to realize the legislative purpose of “ supervising the administration body by law ” 现行《行政诉讼法》在除行政赔偿纠纷之外的其他行政诉讼纠纷领域内排除调解制度的适用,意在于诉讼进程中严禁行政主体任意处分行政权,以实现其“监督行政机关依法行使行政职权”的立法意图。
Article 1 pursuant to the constitution , this law is enacted for the purpose of ensuring the correct and prompt handling of administrative cases by the people ' s courts , protecting the lawful rights and interests of citizens , legal persons and other organizations , and safeguarding and supervising the exercise of administrative powers by administrative organs in accordance with the law 第一条为保证人民法院正确、及时审理行政案件，保护公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益，维护和监督行政机关依法行使行政职权，根据宪法制定本法。
By means of the comprehensive research method used in science of law , the thesis is to expound the development of the administrative subject theory from its introduction to gradual perfection via being questioned in the background of social change in modern china and in terms of interactions between theory and reality . based on exploring necessity and reasonability of equalizing administrative powers , models of equalizing administrative subject are constructed . when explaining administrative subject ' s connotation , extension and functions , the writer rationally thinks the " balance theory " and believes that science of administrative law should develop from " balance " to " equilibrium " 本文采用综合研究的法学方法，以当代中国的社会变迁为背景，在理论与现实的互动关系中，阐明行政主体理论从引入到受质疑再到逐渐完善的发展脉络；在探求行政职权均衡配置的必然性与合理性基础上，构建出均衡行政主体模式：在对行政主体应有的内涵、外延与功能的解释下，提出对“平衡论”的理性思考，认为行政法学应由“平衡”走向“均衡” 。
The article studied several problems in the crime of irregularities for favoritism non - transferring criminal cases : in relation to the scope of " administrative law enforcements officials " , we put forward the theory of " holding authority " , administrative law enforcements officials should be the people who hold and exercise administrative authority ; in relation to the comprehension of " should be transferred in accordance with law " , we should distinguish " transferred according to law " and " should have transferred " ; administrative punishment and penalty caused by one illegal activity should be combined , we should insist the principle of the prior application of penalty in the procedure application , the execuitive organs shouldn ' t give administrative punishment before transferring criminal cases 摘要对徇私舞弊不移交刑事案件罪的若干问题进行探讨：关于“行政执法人员”的范围，主张“职权享有论” ，行政执法人员是指享有和行使行政职权的人员；关于“依法应当移交”的理解，应区分“依法移交”与“应当移交” ；同一违法行为引起的行政处罚与刑事处罚应合并适用，在程序适用上应坚持刑事优先原则，行政执法机关移交刑事案件前不应先予作出行政处罚。
