To explore the influences of setting rate of male parent varieties on that of their medium hybrid rice combinations , the correlation of setting rate between male parents and their corresponding combinations was analyzed with 7 male parent varieties and their corresponding combinations 摘要为探明父本结实率对杂交中稻组合结实率的影响，以7个父本品种和相应杂交组合为材料，对父本结实率与相应组合结实率的相关性进行了分析。
Abstract : shuangzengji was sprayed upon indica rice shanyou 63 and wheat variety 8504 at the beginning of rice heading and full - earing stag e of wheat respectively , to study the biological effects on rice and wheat . water was used as control . the results indicated that plumpness , 1000 - grain weight and percentage of fertilized grain were increased obviously by the using of shuangz engji 文摘:以水稻品种汕优63 、小麦品种8504为材料，在水稻抽穗始期、小麦齐穗期喷施增粒增重剂(简称双增剂) ，清水做对照，研究其对稻麦的生物学效应，试验结果表明：双增剂能明显提高籽粒充实度、结实率和千粒重。
It was found that there were changes to some extent in the main characters of the days from seeding to initial heading , plant height and seed setting rate when the seeds of the tested hybrid rice combinations and their parents were sowed at different time in hainan for the seed purity identification , and the changing extent was different between some hybrids and their parents , which would affect the accuracy of purity identification 摘要通过比较不同播种时期杂交水稻种子样品在海南种植鉴定的农艺性状表现，发现播始历期、株高、结实率等主要性状均表现出不同程度的变化，且部分组合与其亲本的变化幅度不同，从而影响鉴定的准确性。
The results showed that : ( 1 ) a very significant increase in grain weight per plant ( gwpp ) of super high - yielding combinations mainly results from more panicles per plant ( ppp ) . ( 2 ) the order of contribution to gwpp was panicles per plant , filled grains per panicle ( fgpp ) , 1000 - grain weight ( kgw ) , spikelets per panicle ( spp ) , plumping degree ( pd ) filled grain rate ( fgr ) . ( 3 ) gwpp has positive correlation with ppp and fgpp at 0 . 01 significant level , with fgr at 0 . 05 significant level . ( 4 ) on the background of big panicle hybrid rice gwpp has positive partial correlation with ppp , kgw and pd at 0 . 01 significant level , which means any increase in these yield components can increase yield 结果表明： ( 1 )不同产量水平大穗型组合产量的差异主要受单株穗数差异的影响； ( 2 )产量构成因素对产量的作用大小依次为：单株穗数每穗实粒数千粒重每穗总粒数充实度结实率； ( 3 )单株穗数和每穗实粒数与产量正相关达极显著水平，结实率与产量正相关达显著水平： ( 4 )单株穗数、千粒重和充实度与产量的偏相关为正，且达到极显著水平，说明在大穗的基础上，单株穗数的增加、千粒重和充实度的提高可以使产量显著增加。
The genetic correlations of six agronomic characters in some indica - japonica crosses were analyzed using mixed - linear model method . the results indicated that there existed correlations to a certain degree among the measured traits . the phenotypic correlations of plant height with filled grain or seed setting were significant . panicle length with total grains or filled grain , total grains with filled grain or seed setting , and filled grain with seed setting were the same . for panicle length with plant height or seed setting , total grains with filled , and for filled grain with seed setting , genetic correlations were also significant . further analysis , the result showed that genetic correlations between the measured traits were mainly due to domimant effects . in addition , additive correlations were significant for grain weight with panicle length or total grains or filled grain , and for total grains with filled grain 用混合线性模型方法对籼粳亚种间杂交组合农艺性状的相关性进行了遗传研究，结果表明：被测性状之间大都存在一定程度的相关.其中，株高与实粒数、结实率，穗长与总粒数、实粒数，总粒数与实粒数和结实率，以及实粒数与结实率之间具有显著的表型相关，总粒数与实粒数，实粒数与结实率，以及穗长与株高和结实率之间具有显著的遗传相关.进一步的分析表明，性状之间的遗传相关大多归因于显性效应，而粒重与穗长、总粒数和实粒数之间，以及总粒数与实粒数之间还具有极显著的加性相关
( 3 ) the value of p / 0 of c . praecox is 2847 . 3 + 1125 . 0 , and the total value of oci is 3 . with the above results , pollen germination rate and seed set rate , all shows that breeding system of c . praecox is facultative hybridization . the breeding system of c . nitens is similar to c . praecox , but it is higher in proportion of self - pollination than that of c . praecox ( 3 )蜡梅p / 0值为2847 . 3 1125 . 0 、 oci累计分值等于3 ，与不同处理的花粉萌发率和结实率的结果一样，都显示蜡梅繁育系统为兼性异交类型；亮叶蜡梅繁育系统同蜡梅相似，但亮叶蜡梅的自交比例相对较高
Seventy - nine improved wheat cultivars ( lines ) including some related parents were corssed with rye to detect the difference of crossability among wheat genotypes and the developing tendency of crossability during the cultivar renewing period in shandong province , the results expressed that crossability of improved cultivars with rye were significantly lower than that of the check ( chinese spring ) , and there were 3 cultivars with a seedset of more than 50 % , 4 cultivars with the seed - set of 30 % - 50 % , 8 ones with that of 10 % - 30 % , 50 ones with the seed - set of less than 5 % , and the other 14 cultivars with the seed - set of 5 % - 10 % ; the mean crossability between wheat and rye decreased with the renewing of cultivars in shandong , and the number of cultivars with the seed - set of more than 50 % and 30 % - 50 % also decreased , but that with the seed - set of less than 5 % increased gradually during the renewing period ; pedigree analysis revealed that the crossable gene of the tested cultivars might come from 3 landraces ( youzimai , mazhamai and huixianhong ) , laizhou 953 , 8641012 , yannong 15 et al were improved wheat cultivars with both excellent agronomic traits and high crossability with rye 以79个改良小麦品种(系)与黑麦进行杂交，研究普通小麦品种与黑麦杂交亲和性的差异及其亲和性在品种更新、更换过程中的演变趋势，结果表明：供试改良小麦品种与黑麦的杂交亲和性显著低于对照中国春；结实率大于50 %的品种3个，占供试品种的3 . 8 % ，结实率介于30 % - 50 %之间的品种4个，占5 . 1 % ，结实率介于10 % - 30 %之间的品种8个( 10 . 1 % ) ，结实率小于5 %的品种50个，占63 . 3 % ，另外，结实率介于5 % - 10 %之间的品种14个，占17 . 7 % ;普通小麦与黑麦的杂交亲和性随着品种的更新、更换呈下降趋势，平均结实率大于50 % 、介于30 % - 50 %的品种数均呈下降趋势，而结实率5 %的品种数呈上升趋势；系谱分析表明，供试改良品种的亲和性大都来源自蚰子麦、蚂蚱麦、辉县红3个地方普通小麦品种；莱州953 、 8641012 、烟农15等是亲和性和综合性状都较好的改良小麦品种(系) 。
The study on the characteristics of development and seed setting of different spikelet and floret positions was important for the realization of big - spike - cultural - goal with more spikelets and grains . with both the winter type ( wv ) and spring type ( sv ) varieties sown at different dates , it was found that the greater seed setting capacity of spikelets resulted in more grain number of spike . the trend of differences in grain weight per spikelet between the different sowing dates and varieties was similar to that of grain number . the correlation between the average grain weight of middle spikelets and lower spikelets and the grain weight per spike was highly significant . the environmental changes resulted from different sowing dates mainly effected the middle spikelets development , even though the differences between wv and sv were represented in every spikelet positions . the grain weight on the second floret position was most sensitive to the development status of wheat plant and environmental changes , and could represent the yielid potential of the whole spikelet . the results showed that the enhancement of seed setting of the middle spikelets ( from 5th to 15th ) and the grain development from the first to third floret positions was a key to realize big - spike and grain 确定小麦不同小穗位和小花位发育与结实特性是实现大穗多粒的重要前提.本文通过对冬、春性小麦品种分期播种试验得出,较高的小穗结实力是增加穗粒数的重要因素.不同播期、品种之间,小穗粒重和粒数呈现相同的变化趋势.中部以及基部小穗粒重与穗粒重之间呈高度正相关.体现环境差异的播期效应以对中部小穗发育的影响为主,而冬、春性品种的基因型差异可反映在各个小穗位上.第2小花位的子粒发育状况反映整个小穗的生产能力.结果表明,促进中部优势小穗(第5 15小穗)结实和第1 3小花位子粒发育是提高小花结实率和穗粒重的关键
This paper firstly focused on and evaluated the pollination characteristics of c . praecox , in half - natural habitat of nanjing . we investigated flowering phenology , flowering patten , pollen viability , stigma receptibility , species of visitors , visiting rate of visitors and their foraging behavior . and we also investigated its breeding system , including pollen - ovule ratio ( p / 0 ) , out - crossing index ( oci ) , pollen grains deposited in stigmas , pollen germination rate and seed set rate with different treatments , from 2002 to 2004 试验分别在2002 - 2003年和2003 - 2004年冬季进行，研究内容包括：花期物候观察、花部形态观察和统计、雌雄配子体功能测定、访问昆虫种类、访问行为、访花频率和效率；同时对蜡梅繁育系统进行了检测，检测内容包括花粉胚珠比( p / 0 ) 、杂交指数( oci )及不同处理花粉萌发率及结实率检测等等，同时还进行了蜡梅与亮叶蜡梅传粉过程比较。
The results showed that the field temperature were lower than those measured at the nearby meteorological station during high temperature weather , irrigation could lower the field temperature , lessen the number of days damaged by high temperature , increase the seed - setting percentage and grain yield , and the higher the irrigating level was , the greater the effect became 结果表明，高温天气期间田间温度低于气象站测定温度，灌水能降低田间温度，减少田间高温危害天数，提高结实率和产量，且随着灌水深度的增加，效果越明显。
