Article 21 if a person is compelled to commit an act in an emergency to avert an immediate danger to the interests of the state or the public , or his own or another person ' s rights of the person , property or other rights , thus causing damage , he shall not bear criminal responsibility 第二十一条为了使国家、公共利益、本人或者他人的人身、财产和其他权利免受正在发生的危险，不得已采取的紧急避险行为，造成损害的，不负刑事责任。
To discriminate a deed of avoiding danger whether it belongs to act of rescue , it must possess five terms : 1 there must be real danger . 2 one ' s action must be unavoidable . 3 it must be to protect legal interest from being damage . 4 . it ca n ' t exceed some extent 避险行为要成立紧急避险，必须具备五个要件：必须要有现实的危险；避险行为必须出于不得已；必须是为了使合法权益免受危险损害的行为；避险行为不得超过必要的限度；避险行为必须具有社会相当性。
According to different standards , act of rescue can be classified into legitimate act of rescue and act of rescue exempt from responsibility , statutory act of rescue and act of rescue beyond the law , etc . scholars of the civil law countries , for example , in germany or japan , put forward a lot of theories about the character and basis of act of rescue 根据不同的标准，可对紧急避险作出诸如合法化紧急避险与免责紧急避险、法定的紧急避险与超法规的紧急避险的不同分类。德、日等大陆法系国家学界对紧急避险的法律性质和根据提出了多种学说，我国理论界受有缺陷的犯罪构成理论禁锢，对该问题的研究尚未深入展开。
The paper also researches the principles to deal with the mistake of anticipation possibility . at last , it points out that the applicable range of the anticipation possibility includes attempt and negligence offenses . the fifth part puts forward some legislation advice about anticipation possibility and researches the constitution and disposing principles of excusable excessive defense and excusable excessive rescue 第五部分提出了关于期待可能性的立法建议，认为有必要对期待可能性弱失的典型事由作立法上的类型化；研究了可宽看的避险过当、可宽看的防卫过当两种丧失期待可能性的典型事由的构成要件与处断原则，指出了二者与正当防卫、紧急避险的界限。
Counter - attacking the infringement from a person without ability of responsibility should be considered as necessity , because : under the system of crime theory in chine , only the theory of subjective legal violation should be adopted the object of necessity should not be confined to the third person ; to deem counter - attacking the infringement from a person without ability of responsibility as necessity is more satisfactory in theory ; if the actor is unable to know the other side is a person without ability of responsibility , his counter - attacking is accidental imaginary defense ; the ability of responsibility which the person must have as the object of justifiable defense should not be criminal but civil 摘要对无责任能力人之侵害予以反击的行为应当属于紧急避险，因为：在我国的犯罪论体系之下，只有采取主观违法性论才能保持理论的严谨和一贯；紧急避险的对象并非仅限于第三人的合法权益；将反击无责任能力人之侵害的行为定性为紧急避险在理论上更为圆满；行为人在无法知道对方是无责任能力人时所实施的反击属于意外事件型的假想防卫；作为正当防卫对象所必须具备的责任能力并非刑事责任能力，而是民事侵权责任能力。
The act of helping oneself , refers that during the continuing violations , in the state of being difficult to timely protection and restoration of rights under relying on the public relief , according to the right of helping oneself , the actor could act the action of detaining the perpetrator of the unlawful act , or seizing , detaining and destroying his property 自救行为与正当防卫行为、紧急避险行为都是正对不正的行为,实质是一致的,但两者的待遇却大相径庭。对于自救行为的合法性、构成要件等在理论界一直都众说纷纭。本文运用总结、概括、对比、引证等研究方法对自救行为相关问题作了较详尽的论述。
The second paragraph of article 15 about negligent crimes embodies the thoughts of expected possibility . the 17th , 18th , 19th , articles have n ' t embodied expected possibility , justifiable defense in article 20 do n ' t belong to expected possibility , but act committed by a person in an emergence to avert danger in article 21 are . when analyses some articles of criminal law , the chapter express some views about improvement of legislation about expected possibility at the same time 第三章：期待可能性与我国刑事立法本章就我国刑事立法中是否体现期待可能性的一些条款根据我国的犯罪构成和期待可能性的理论进行了分析，认为刑法第16条不是关于期待可能性的规定；刑法第15条第2款关于过失犯罪的规定体现了期待可能性思想；刑法第17 、 18 、 19条没有体现期待可能性思想；刑法第20条正当防卫不属于期待可能性；第21条紧急避险属于期待可能性等。
