the sudden change in ψ caused by a measurement is called the reduction of the wave function. 由测量引起的的突变叫做波函数的收缩。
In the narrow sense, the hypothesis implies that mutations in genes result in mutations in enzymes . 在狭义上说，这一假说表示基因突变的结果导致酶的突变。
Catastrophe theory provides a coherent framework for modelling the complex dynamics of systems . 突变理论为建立系统的复杂动力学模型提供了一个清晰的框架。
By using the complementation test an unknown mutant can be rapidly assigned to a particular gene . 采用互补测验可迅速地将某一未知突变型归属于某一特定基因。
A function that has a sudden jump in value at a certain point is said to be discontinuous at that point . 一个函数在某一点的数值发生突变称为在那一点是不连续的。
They were able to confirm which pairs of mutants were allelic and which were not by using the heterocaryon test . 他们通过异核体测验可以确定哪些突变型是等位的，哪些是非等位的。
With systeamine pretreatment decreased yields of dominant lethals were obtained in spermatocytes, spermatids and in spermatozoa . 用半胱氨预先处理，在精母细胞、精子细胞和精虫内均可使显性致死突变值下降。
With cysteamine pre-treatment, decreased yields of dominant lethals were obtained in spermatocytes, spermatids and in spermatozoa . 用半脘氨预先处理，在精母细胞，精子细胞和精虫内均可使显性致死突变值下降。
There is no sharp break between the photosphere and the outer atmosphere of the sun on one side and the solar interior on the other . 无论在光球与它上面的太阳大气之间，或是在光球层与它下面的太阳本体之间，都没有明显的突变。
