A chemical imbalance of some kind that reduces such inhibition ? for example , by blocking the action of an inhibitory neurotransmitter or failing to produce an inhibitor ? would also cause activity in one area to elicit activity in a neighbor 如果有某种化学上的不平衡降低了这种抑制，好比说阻断了某个抑制性神经传递物的作用，或是不再制造该抑制性物质，就有可能使某区的活性引发其相邻脑区的活性。
When a neuron fires , sending an electrical signal down its axon to its tips ( presynaptic terminals ) , neurotransmitters released from vesicles cross a tiny intercellular space ( the synaptic cleft ) to receptors on the surface of a recipient , or postsynaptic , neuron 神经元放电时，电性讯号沿著轴突传至神经末梢（突触前终端） ，造成神经传递物从囊泡释放到细胞外，并通过微小的细胞间空隙（突触间隙） ，抵达接收端，也就是突触后神经元表面的受体。
The changes , which may persist for a long time , can include display of increased numbers of the receptors that respond to the neurotransmitters released by nociceptors and might even include rewiring of connections and a loss of nerve cells that normally inhibit pain signaling 这种改变可能持续好长一段时间，改变的情况包括对神经传递物（由痛觉受器释放）产生反应的受体数量增加，甚至还可能是神经线路出现新的接线，以及丧失了原本抑制疼痛讯息的神经细胞。
Topics : development of the nervous system and its connections , cell biology or neurons , neurotransmitters and synaptic transmission , sensory systems of the brain , the neuro - endocrine system , the motor system , higher cortical functions , behavioral and cellular analyses of learning and memory 探讨主题包括：细胞层面的神经系统发育过程及其内部连结情形、神经细胞、神经传递物质和突触传递过程、大脑的感觉神经系统、神经内分泌系统、运动神经系统、大脑皮质的进阶功能、学习与记忆的行为观点与细胞层面分析。
In this article we review the current literature on histaminergic neurotransmission in the brain focussing particularly in the brainstem vestibular nuclei , and the role of histamine in brain plasticity during " vestibular compensation " , the behavioural recovery that takes place after unilateral peripheral vestibular damage 在本文中，我们综述了关于脑内（特别是脑干前庭核中）的组胺能神经传递，以及组胺在脑可塑性“前庭代偿” ， （一种单侧外周前庭损伤之后发生的行为学恢复）中作用的新近文献。
An understanding of the complex chain of neurotransmitters , “ second messengers , ” transcription factors , genes and other miscellaneous molecules needed to make a long - term memory is leading to drugs that may ultimately help more than those beset with alzheimer ' s or more benign forms of dementias that plague the aged 了解参与长期记忆的复杂过程，包括神经传递物、二级传讯分子、转录因子、基因与其他五花八门的分子，最后引导我们研发的新药物，不只有助于受到阿兹海默症或其他失智症问题困扰的年迈患者而已。
