The main solutions in the paper are : 1 . the vaporization of soil water is suit to the dynamic equation as y = a + blnt , the coefficients in the equation are related to temperature and water content of soil , and the dynamic equation about vaporization including water and temperature and the is developed , which provide some new information for studying and applying dynamic including environmental factors 土壤水分累积蒸发量符合elovich动力学方程y = a + blnt ，方程中系数与温度和土壤初始含水量有关， a 、 b值随土壤初始含水量和温度增高而增大，由此得到含温度因子或土壤湿度因子的土壤水分蒸发动力学方程，并建立了含水、热因子的土壤水分蒸发水热耦合效应动力学方程，为含环境影响因子动力学方程的研究和应用提供了新的信息。
That is , by the calculation of the anti - thermal deformation quality factor and synthetic quality factor of some typical primary mirror materials , the primary mirror material is selected scientifically and rationally . by the finite element method and the conception of structure rigidity quality factor , researching the relation between the light - weighted cell shape , the mirror thickness and mirror structural rigidity quality . by the force - thermal coupling analysis of the primary mirror assembly , the relations between the thickness , height of the flexible support reed and primary mirror synthesis surface figure error ( p - v ) have been researched 即，通过对常用主镜材料的抗热变形品质因数和综合品质因数的定量分析，科学地完成了主镜的选材；应用有限元分析方法，借助于结构刚性品质因数的概念，研究了主镜轻量化孔的形状和主镜厚度对镜结构刚性品质的影响；通过对主镜组件的力热耦合分析，研究了主镜柔性支撑簧片厚度与高度对主镜面形的影响。
( 2 ) testing equipment systems for the coupled movement of soil water , salt and heat transfer were developed , including horizontal , vertical and three - dimensional trickle ones . these systems used advanced non - destructive measurement methods for dynamic measuring of soil water , salt and heat , which provided important conditions for realizing dynamic measuring under certain conditions when temperature can be controlled ( 2 )研制了水平一维、垂直一维及滴灌三维等三类土壤水、盐、热耦合迁移试验装置系统，该系统在水、盐、热的量测技术方面均采用了非破损的先进测量手段，从而为实现各特定温控试验条件下的动态观测提供了重要条件。
The dynamics equations of soil water vaporizing and ammonia volatilizing hcluding the factors of water and temperature , and the dynamics - like equation of urea transforming into ammonium nitrogen in soil are founded in the paper , by taking the effect of interaction of water and temperature as subject , the dynamic change character of object studied as basis and using principle of chemical dynamic ; the empirio - equations of soil water retention curve including temperature and the empirio - equations including temperature between water potential of millet seedling leaves and soil water are founded in order to make the equation of relation between water potential and water content in soil suit the demand of temperature change much better 本文以水热耦合效应为主题，基于研究对象的动态变化特征，应用化学动力学原理，建立了含水、热因子以及水热耦合效应的土壤水分蒸发、肥料氨挥发动力学方程，以及施入土壤中的尿素转化为铵态氮的动力学型方程；为使水势?含水量关系式更好适应变温条件应用的要求，建立了含温度因子直接表征土壤持水曲线的经验方程，以及含温度因子的谷苗叶水势与土壤含水量关系经验方程。
The main work can be summed up as follows : firstly , we studied the thermal - field properties of vcsels , and analyzed the influences of current spreading , material parameters and operating conditions on the temperature distributions . secondly , we began with the electrode voltage and calculated the equipotential s distributions , compared the distributions of voltages and current densities in different depths of vcsels , and then studied the influences of the oxide - confining region with different position or thickness , and the different sizes of the gain - guided aperture and emitting window on the distributions of the injected current density , carrier concentration and temperature in the active region . thirdly , we realized the coupling of electricity , optical and thermal - fields , worked out the threshold voltage , calculated the distributions of the injected current density , carrier concentration and temperature under different offset voltages , and analyzed the impacts of temperature profile and carrier density on the refractive index , fermi levels and optical - field 具体工作可以概括如下：首先，研究了vcsel的热场特性，分析了电流扩展，材料参数和工作条件对于温度分布的影响；其次，从电极电压入手，计算出激光器中的等势线分布，并对不同深度处的电压和电流分布进行比较，研究了高阻区的不同位置和不同厚度、限制层和出射窗口半径的大小对电流密度、载流子浓度和温度分布的影响；再次，实现了电、光、热耦合，求出了阈值电压，计算了不同偏置电压下的电流密度分布、载流子浓度分布和热场分布，分析了温度和载流子浓度变化对折射率、费米能级和光场的影响；最后，给出了考虑n - dbr和双氧化限制层时激光器中的等势线分布，分析了n - dbr和双氧化限制层对vcsel电流密度、载流子浓度、温度和光场分布的影响。
The technical routes in this paper are to 1 ) combine theoretical analyses with laboratory and field studies with emphasis on the field studies , 2 ) combine field and laboratory tests with emphasis on the laboratory tests studies , and 3 ) combine theoretical studies with applications with emphasis on theoretical studies . the whole study focused on the characteristics of coupled movement of soil water , salt and heat transfer under plastic mulch 本论文结合国家自然科学基金和霍英东教育基金课题，采取理论分析与室内外试验相结合、以试验研究为主；大田与室内试验相结合、以室内试验为主；应用与机理研究相结合、以机理为主的技术路线，研究覆膜条件下土壤水、盐、热耦合迁移特点。
