By investigating and analyzing typical watershed on gully and rolling loess region , and gullied loess plateau , the paper preliminarily defines the measure and combination of comprehensive harnessing ways of soil and conservation 摘要通过对黄土高塬多沙粗沙区涉及较多的黄土丘陵沟壑区和黄土高塬沟壑区几条典型小流域和现有治理模式的调查分析，初步确定了多沙粗沙区两个主要侵蚀类型区的水土保持措施组合方案。
Due to few detailed studies on this aspect , the ecological comparisons of soil and water loss among different utilized lands on the basis of various rainfall parameters are necessary in providing the implications for sustainable management of lands and alleviation of harms of floods in minjiang river basin 研究结果对于调整闽江流域的土地利用方式、采取合理的水土保持措施以减轻闽江的洪灾危害有重要意义。主要研究结果表明： ( 1 )闽江上游地区降雨明显的可分为三个季节。
Based on the co - linearity analysis of runoff and precipitation among different hydrological stations and various kinds of water and soil conservation measures , a statistical hydrological model of precipitation - soil and water conservation - runoff for the river basin is established by applying multiple regression method to analyze indicators and runoff data 摘要本文在变量共线性分析基础上，提出了流域降水量标度和水土保持标度及其计算方法，建立了流域降水水土保持径流统计模型，该模型不仅能分离水土保持措施对河川径流量影响程度，而且还可分析降水及水土保持对流域径流量变化的影响。
According to all the 21 under developed indicators , take some countermeasures to improve sustainable development degree . discuss the sustainable development countermeasures respectively about water resource utilization and pollution control , forest resource management , soil and water conservation , society and economy development 在确定限制因子的基础上对研究区域有针对性地提出可持续发展对策，针对21个待改进指标分别就水资源利用与污染控制、森林资源管理、水土保持措施、社会和摘要经济可持续发展方案进行了探讨。
This paper mainly addresses the following issues : ( 1 ) based on analysis of mechanism of non - control factors , such as forest , urbanization , and water and soil conservation , influencing floods , simulation models are established for estimation of impacts of non - control factors on floods in several selected catchments 本文重点研究内容如下： 1深入分析了森林、城市化和水土保持措施等非控制性下垫面因素对洪水产生影响的机理，建立了合适的计算模型，并进行了实例计算。
This research object is the biology water protecting measures of the antaibao surface opencast coal mine ( atb ) south stackpile within loess area , including 4 aspects as below : ( 1 ) the form and distribution characteristics of erosion in original and newly - constructed lands of the atb south stackpile . the original water erosion modulus is 3700 ~ 4400t / km ~ ( 2 ) a in the south stackpile 本研究以我国黄土区安太堡大型露天煤矿南排土场为对象，以生物水土保持措施为研究角度，研究内容包括以下4个方面： ( 1 )安太堡矿南排土场原地貌的水蚀特征和排土场新造地土壤侵蚀的形式与分布特征。
Furthermore , on the basis of consultancies , inquiries and evaluations from multiple sources , the model for predicting soil and water loss in dandong - zhuanghe highway construction is developed . moreover , considering the characteristics of the highway , the covering area of the project is divided into three parts such as main body area , soil - fetching area and soil - spoiling area . for these three preventive areas , the perfect precaution measures for preventing and curing the soil and water loss during the road construction in which a number of vegetal cover measures are taken 论文中详细调查并介绍了项目情况及沿线自然、社会经济状况；收集研究了公路建设项目水土流失预测的基本内容和方法，在多方查询、请教专家及分析研究的基础上，提出了丹庄高速公路水土流失预测模型，针对项目不同区域进行了水土流失预测和分析，为水土保持措施的设计提供了定量依据；论文根据高速公路项目的特点，将丹东至庄河高速公路项目区分成了主体工程、取土场、弃土场三个水土流失防治区，并在初步设计文件的基础上，针对三个水土流失防治区进行了较为完善的水土保持防治措施设计；论文在丹东至庄河高速公路水土保持方案设计中大量采用了植被防护措施，为了更有力地指导植被措施的施工，论文中还就植被保持水土的有效性进行了研究探讨。
In the control , even light rain could bring soil and water losses . while for orchard and costarica henryi forest , runoff and sediment yield both reduced greatly . regarding to chinese fir and enclosing and tending forests with favorable vegetative coverage , minimum soil and water losses were produced even by the rainstorm 裸露地(对照)小雨时也可能产生水土流失，而大雨以上降雨会产生严重水土流失；具有一定植被覆盖且采取水土保持措施的果园和锥栗林的径流量和泥沙量大幅度减少；而植被覆盖良好的杉木林和封山育林地即使大雨以上降雨也仅产生极轻微的水土流失。
Article 24 the local people ' s governments at various levels sha1l organize agricultura1 collective economic organizations and farmers to manage in a planned way the cultivated land with a slope of above 5 degrees but under the reclamation - forbidden degrees , by taking in line with different conditions such water and soil conservation measures as regulating drainage systems , building terraced fields , and practicing a method of cultivation conducive to water and soi1 conservation 第二十四条各级地方人民政府应当组织农业集体经济组织和农民，有计划地对禁止开垦坡度以下、五度以上的耕地进行治理，根据不同情况，采取整治排水系统、修建梯田、蓄水保土耕作等水土保持措施。
