Real characters , pseudo - characters and non - characters with three constructions : left - right , up - down , half encircled were used as stimuli 结果表明： ( 1 )儿童正字法意识的形成是以识字为基础的逐步发展的过程。
The development of english spelling in chinese elementary school students from third to sixth grade and its relationship with orthographic awareness 三到六年级汉语儿童英语拼写发展及其与正字法规则意识的关系
However , the constructive features played a prominent role in the development of orthographic regularity after its appearance in every grade : the developmental level of the left - right one was superior to those of the up - down and the half - encircled ( 3 )年级内部正字法意识的萌发和年级之间正字法意识发展的差异不受结构类型的影响，但萌发之后各年级内部均是对左右结构汉字正字法意识优于上下结构和半包围结构。
Their researches mainly concern on the aspects as follows : the different dialects in tu minority language ; tu minority gesaier and its vocabularies ; letter criterion on tu minority language ; the social reason that tu minority language can be maintained ; folktale types and national clothing 他们主要研究了土族语言的不同方言，土族格赛尔及其词汇，正字法；土族语言能够维持的社会原因；民间故事类型，民族服饰等。
