The ultimatum game , in its stark simplicity , is a prime example of the type of games used by experimental economists : highly abstract , sometimes contrived interactions between independent decision makers 实验经济学家运用许多游戏来做研究，简单的最后通牒游戏就是很有代表性的例子：它们的特色是非常抽象，而且有时候游戏的设计会让决策者之间产生互动。
China - pakistan relations were improved quickly after the war in 1962 , and got to the summit during the second war between india and pakistan in 1965 - - - - - - china gave great support to pakistan by the way that sending two ultimatums to india 中印战争后，中巴关系迅速上升，在1965年第二次印巴战争之间达至高潮，中国以两次送达最后通牒的形式来支援巴基斯坦。令人遗憾的是，中国的大力支援并未使巴基斯坦感到满意。
Holding a " zero - sum " logic in mind , they would not offer any inducement and even would refuse to bargain with the enemy , and diplomatic efforts would focus on establishing international coalitions for isolating instead of communicating with its enemy . they would heavily capitalize on coercive means to compel the enemy to comply with its demands 危机期间一味使用强制性手段迫使对手接受己方提出的条件，不给对手任何承诺和利益诱导，甚至不惜发出最后通牒；讨价还价和外交努力的着眼点在于获得国际和国内支持，彻底孤立对手；一旦对手拒绝服从美方要求，美国则很可能凭借己方的绝对优势诉诸武力解决危机。
