This paper displays the influence of banks ' income structure and monomial technical efficiencies of interest income and non - interest income on banks ' overall efficiency of gross income , validates the conclusion that non - interest income has positive influence on overall technical efficiency of gross income of china ' s commercial banks and provides some policy suggestions pertinently 揭示了利息收入效率、非利息收入效率及收入结构对总收入综合效率的影响关系，验证了非利息收入对中国商业银行业总收入综合技术效率存在正向影响的论断，并有针对性地提出了政策性建议。
Through the study of comparative benefit , marginal benefit and management scale benefit of cultivated land , this paper points out that the low marginal benefit of cultivated land is one of the most important economic causes which lead to cultivated land non - agriculture to the government , the enormous temptation of cultivated land non - agriculture lead to less attention paid to the process of it ; while , to the farmer , the random construction of house and the structure of income lead to the less attention paid to the process of cultivated land non - agriculture 本文通过对耕地经营的比较效益、边际效益和农户耕地经营的规模效益的深入研究，指出农户耕地利用效益低下是耕地非农化最重要的经济原因之一。并且对政府而言，强制征用耕地过程中所展现的巨大价值诱惑；对农户而言，建房无序、农户收入结构的变化，使之对耕地的关注度不断下降，并导致其对耕地非农化更加漠视，加之在耕地征用过程中的一次性变现的巨大诱惑，导致无论是政府还是农户，对待耕地非农化都有所期待。
At present , the revenue from tax in china depends greatly on turnover tax , which has distorted seriously the allocation of recourses and hampered the fulfillment of the tax ' s adjusting function to macro economy . based on this present condition , this paper analyzed its causes from following aspects as tax revenue system , contradiction between fiscal revenue and expense , and economic growth level 针对我国税种收入过度依赖流转税的现状，本文从税收制度、财政收支矛盾、经济体制和经济发展水平等方面分析其成因，指出税种收入结构严重失衡的弊端，并从国际国内两方面分析我国改变税种结构失衡现状的必要性。
Then the author pointed out the disadvantages of this unbalanced tax revenue system and the necessity of its reform from both domestic and international requirements . after investigating the evolving of tax systems in the world and the rising of income tax in developed countries , the author suggested the way to optimizing chinese tax revenue structure is to set up a two - main - body tax system with turnover tax and income tax . the conceived outline is to augment the incom e taxation , to adjust the comparative proportion between turnover tax and income tax , and hence to change the distorted tax system and set up a two - main - body one , in which turnover tax and income tax can function congenially and complementally 在分析成因、指出弊端和改革必要性后，本文通过对税制演变的规律总结和发达国家所得税上升为主体税种的过程考察，提出优化我国税种收入结构的方向是建立双主体税种结构，总体思路是在稳定流转税收入的情况下，增加所得税的规模及在税收收入中的比重，以动态的方式改善商品流转税和所得税的相对比例，改变我国税种收入结构失衡、税制功能扭曲的现状，构建一个流转税和所得税结构协调、功能互补的双主体税种结构。
According to my opinion , firstly , the four banks must accelerate their reforms of ownership , establish good corporate governance framework and ensure the well performance of the mechanism ; secondly , the four banks must accelerate their steps on decrease the ratio of their bad assets and do great endeavors to develop the medium businesses and improve the structure of their business incomes ; thirdly , their must learn from the foreign banks and grasp the advanced measures of interest rate risks management 笔者认为，四大银行首先要加快产权改革步伐、建立良好的法人治理结构并确保公司治理机制的良好运行；其次，四大银行应该加快降低资产不良率，努力发展中间业务并改善经营收入结构；第三，它们必须向外国银行学习并掌握先进的利率风险管理方法。
On the basis of research available and through seven aspects : the family structure , vocational structure , the structure of the mode of life , psychological and cultural structure , income structure , organization structure and social identity , the thesis reflects the process of urbanization in the community between rural and urban areas , especially demonstrates the unique characteristics of urbanization in the community between rural and urban areas of the east of china by taking shui village and kong village in anning district lanzhou city of gansu province as the example and using the advantage of multiple subjects such as sociology , anthropology , economics , etc . the transition of the community between rural and urban areas is their imitation and incorporation into the urbanization , and the effect of their spread and radioaction 本研究在已有研究的基础上，应用社会学、人类学、经济学等学科的综合研究的优势，以兰州安宁区水村和孔村为例，通过对两村家庭结构、职业结构、生活方式结构、心理文化结构、收入结构、组织结构和身份认同等七个方面的实证研究，反映了城乡结合部的城市化进程，特别是反映了中国西部内地城市化进程独特的特点。城乡结合部转型过程是城乡结合部自身模仿、融入城市以及城市的扩散辐射效应嵌入的过程；城乡结合部是许多矛盾、困惑及经验反映最集中的场所；同时是将漫长的城市化进程浓缩在一个短期内进行的相对较小的区域。
In the article , i mainly analyzed the earning power ratios of four state banks with financial analysis method . referring to dupont financial analysis system and four state banks " financial data and main earning power ratios in 1998 - 2002 , 1 analyzed the current status of their eaming power and those related factors , such as earning level of main business , structures of income and assets , operation fee management . then by comparison with other domestic stock banks and world ten top banks in tier one capital , assets , pre - tax profits , cost / income ratio and pre - tax profit per employee , i found that the four banks had advantages in scale and strength , but lagged far behind other banks 本文主要采用财务分析的方法，在对四大国有独资商业银行近几年总体的盈利指标进行分析后，借鉴杜邦财务分析体系，分别对四大银行1998 - 2002年的财务数据和主要盈利能力指标进行趋势分析，从主营业务的盈利水平、收入结构、资产结构、费用控制等方面分析了四大银行盈利能力的现状及其影响因素，并且通过与国内股份制银行、世界十大银行资本、资产规模、利润、收益率、人均利润等指标的比较，分析四大银行的盈利能力在国内和国际银行业中所处的水平，找出存在的差距。
As the big agriculture province and the country ' s main commodity grain base , jilin province has many problems in agriculture and rural economy as following : there are severe contradictions in rural industrial structure and fanner income structure ; the supply of grains and rural labor exceeds the demand ; the development of farm product processing industry and the county economy are relatively slow ; the level of urbanization and financial income are low 吉林省作为农业大省，国家重要的商品粮基地，农业和农村经济面临着以下几大问题：粮食主产区产业结构和农民收入结构“两个不优”并存；粮食供给与农村劳动力供给“两个过剩”并存；农产品加工业发展滞后，全省粮食主产区县域经济缺乏活力，财政困难，城市化水平低。
