Symbolization is one kind of mankind ' s civilization appearance . and it is also one kind of the consideration method that use concrete thing to show abstract conceptions , thoughts and feelings 象征，就存在方式而言，是一种人类文化现象；就心理过程而言，是一种用具体事物来表示某种抽象概念或思想感情的思考方法。
Thus ， the anthropological concept of “ culture ” ， like the concept of “ set ” in mathematics ， is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding 参考译文：因此，人类学中“文化”的概念就象数学中“集”的概念一样是一个抽象概念，这种概念使大量的具体研究和认识成为可能。
Multi - media optimizes concrete concept ( such as velocity , melt , density , pressure , and etc ) much more than abstract concept ( such as work , internal energy , specific heat , voltage and etc ) 多媒体对具体概念(如速度、熔化、密度、压力、压强等)的优化作用比对抽象概念(如功、内能、比热容、电压等)的优化作用要更显着。
This paper deals with the first stage of a study that is to explore the merits of explicating conceptual metaphors ( cms ) and image schemas ( ics ) that are believed to underlie most idioms to learners ( boer & demecheleer , op . cit . ; li , 2002 ) 本文中，作者将先说明教师对外语学习学习者讲述成语中所包含的概念性隐喻与抽象概念之优点。
Unfortunately , several aspects of the specification , such as its language - neutral interface and its use of the " everything - is - a - node " abstraction , make it difficult to use and prone to generating brittle code 不幸的是，规范的几个方面，例如其语言无关性接口和“一切都是节点（ everything - is - a - node ） ”抽象概念的使用，使其难以使用且易于生成脆弱代码。
The concept of reflective abstraction plays a very important role in the piaget ' s genetic episteraology . it is viewed as the individual genetic mechanism of logico - mathematical knowledge that forms the general aspect of human knowledge 反省抽象概念在皮亚杰的发生认识论中占有举足轻重的地位，它被看作是对人类认识构成具有普遍意义的逻辑?数学知识的个体发生机制。
Instead , they talk , write notes on index cards , draw pictures , perform tiny technical dramas , criticize diagrams , and undertake other abstractions designed to lead to greater efficiency when it comes time to code 相反，他们相互讨论，在索引卡上作记录，绘制图形，进行少量的技术实践，评审图形以及进行其它一些抽象概念的设计，进行这些工作是为了编写代码时能获得更高的工作效率。
In this paper , the course of product conceptual design has been reanalyzed from the view of abstract concept , the efficiency of qualitative knowledge has been emphasized , the necessity of application of qualitative reasoning on conceptual design has been pointed out especially 本文从抽象概念的角度对产品概念设计过程进行了再认识，强调了应用定性知识的效率问题，指出了定性推理在概念设计中应用的必要性。
