Abstract : this peper briefly expounds the significance of building ' s aseismic design and puts forward some opinions on aseismic design . the first is to stop using hollow plates in residential construction , the second is to make the architectural plan satisfy the requirements of seismic code , the third is to treat well building ' s foundation , and the fourth is to adopt structural reinforcing measures to building ' s weak positions 文摘:简述了建筑抗震设计的重要性，并对抗震设计提出了几点建议，一是在民用建筑中停止使用空心板，二是建筑方案要满足抗震规范的要求，三是确实处理建筑物的地基，四是对建筑物薄弱部位采取构造加强措施。
The two specimens , which are designed as : main beam - pre - stress beam ? floor ? frame columniation assemble the space specimens . in order to checkout whether the code can be applied for the special structure systems , the structure of the specimens refer to the current gb50010 - 2002 concrete structure design code and gb50011 - 2001 seismic resistant code 本文试件的各组成构件为：非预应力边梁预应力梁板框架柱组合空间试件，各组成构件的构造参照了现行《 gb50010 - 2002混凝土结构设计规范》及《 gb50011 - 2001抗震规范》的有关规定，以检验规范及设计条例能否适用于该特殊结构形式。
Seismic design is important based on experimentations and analysis about seismic fortification measures in domestic and overseas , and by comparing seismic design provisions with seismic codes in new zealand , european community , the united states , it is analyzed the rationality of seismic fortification measures of concrete structure in china 结构的抗震设计对防灾减灾具有重要意义,抗震措施是抗震设计的重要内容之一,它包括内力调整和抗震构造措施。本文在参阅国内外抗震措施的试验及理论研究的基础上,通过与新西兰、欧共体、美国等抗震规范条文对比,对我国混凝土结构抗震措施的合理性进行了分析。
This peper briefly expounds the significance of buildings aseismic design and puts forward some opinions on aseismic design . the first is to stop using hollow plates in residential construction , the second is to make the architectural plan satisfy the requirements of seismic code , the third is to treat well buildings foundation , and the fourth is to adopt structural reinforcing measures to buildings weak positions 简述了建筑抗震设计的重要性，并对抗震设计提出了几点建议，一是在民用建筑中停止使用空心板，二是建筑方案要满足抗震规范的要求，三是确实处理建筑物的地基，四是对建筑物薄弱部位采取构造加强措施。
In addition , effects of several factors such as local site conditions , focal mechanism , epicentral distance and seismic magnitude on these parameters are discussed , and several significative results and conclusions are obtained . in all records there are about 1 / 3 vertical ground motion ’ s peak acceleration bigger than 2 / 3 of the corresponding horizontal one , so the action of vertical ground motion should not to be underestimated . vertical design response spectrum equals that the horizontal design response spectra times 65 % is probably unsafe when period is short , and suggest adopting different coefficients when at different periods 本文基于对大量欧洲强震记录的研究,分析了地震动竖向与水平向分量在峰值加速度、反应谱值、频谱周期等参数方面的差异,以及这些参数与场地、震源机制、震级和震中距的关系,得到了以下有意义的结果和结论:在本文分析的地震记录中大约1 / 3的记录加速度峰值比大于2 / 3 ,竖向地震动分量的作用不可低估;在短周期,竖向地震动影响系数的最大值仅取为水平向地震动影响系数最大值的65 %是偏于不安全的,可以考虑按周期分段采用不同的折减系数;我国现行抗震规范中设计反应谱特征周期的取值偏低,可能是偏于不安全的;竖向与水平向地震动分量卓越周期的比值在0 . 7 - 0 . 9之间,竖向设计反应谱的特征周期应有单独规定。
Referring to three kinds of plan irregularity , structures individually with four kinds of irregularity as eccentricity in one direction , eccentricities in two directions , re - entrant corner irregularity and diaphragm discontinuity have been analyzed to investigate the relationship between torsion effects and parameters of above irregular structures . the parameters and the schemes for determining the scope of structures with different kind of irregularity considering seismic action in two directions simultaneously are proposed , some conclusions have been get as following : it is indicated by the analysis results that torsion effect has no dependency relation with eccentric torsional angel adopted in code for seismic design for buildings . it is suggested that the eccentric torsional angel should not be take as the parameter of torsion effect of structures considering seismic action in two directions simultaneously ; for the structures with regular plan and elevation and with eccentricity in one direction due to irregular mass layout , the relative eccentricity can be take as the parameter of torsion effect of structures considering seismic action in two directions simultaneously ; for the structures with regular plan and elevation and with eccentricities in two directions due to irregular mass layout , the ratio of relative eccentricities in two directions and the angel of them can be take as the parameters of torsion effect of structures considering seismic action in two directions simultaneously ; it is indicated by the analysis results that the torsion effect has no dependency relation with re - entrant corner ratio adopted in code for seismic design for buildings as 所取得的主要结论有：结构的扭转效应与《抗震规范》所采用的扭转不规则指标即偏心扭转角之间的相关性较差，偏心扭转角不宜作为判断结构是否计及扭转效应及需考虑双向水平地震作用的界定指标；对于楼层间均匀偏心的多层单向偏心结构，建议采用相对偏心距作为需考虑双向水平地震作用的界定指标，并给出针对不同平面尺寸的界限相对偏心距；对于楼层间均匀偏心的多层双向偏心结构，建议采用两个主轴方向的相对偏心距及其夹角作为界定指标，结合单向偏心结构的界定方案进行需考虑双向水平地震作用的结构范围界定；凸凹不规则结构的扭转效应与凸凹比例无正相关关系， 《抗震规范》要求所有平面布置不对称的凸凹不规则结构计及扭转效应的规定欠妥当，建议凸凹不规则界限值从30改为15 ，只要求分析采用空间模型比较合适； 《抗震规范》关于有效楼板宽度较小的结构需计及扭转效应的规定很有必要，楼板局部不连续的结构需采用符合楼板实际刚度的计算模型予以分析，可使用相对偏心距（及其夹角）参照单向（和双向）偏心结构的界定方案，界定楼板局部不连续结构是否需要计入双向水平地震作用下的扭转效应。
This paper firstly compares the provisions about torsion effect and anti - torsion design in several codes ( the 89 and 01 chinese code for seismic , and some other countries " codes ) ； according to the 89 and 01 code for seismic design of buildings , the paper designs six multi - storied irregular rc spatial frames , which respectively situated at the area of fortification intensity 7 , 8 and 9 ； then compare with 89 , 01 code structures to reinforce bar difference and reason analyse . at the foundation above , using the program based on the column - beam element of fiber model , input several ground motion records , which are selected according to the demand of code , to carry the structures " three - dimensional nonlinear analysis in two perpendicular directions at the same time . at the end , the paper sums up the calculation results , reviews the whole performance and analyse the difference reason of this type of structures under 本文对比了我国新、旧建筑抗震设计规范（ gb50011 - 2001 、 gbj11 89 ）以及国外设计规范（或指南）中关于结构扭转效应与抗扭设计的相关规定；按照89 、 01抗震规范的有关规定，分别设计了设防烈度为7度、 8度、 9度的共6个钢筋混凝土平面不规则框架结构，对比了结构的配筋差异及原因分析，在此基础上，利用纤维模型梁柱单元的三维非线性动力分析程序，在设防地震作用和罕遇地震作用水准下选择适当的地震波作为输入，对结构进行了双向地震作用下的三维非线性动力反应分析，考察了按照89 、 01规范设计的这一类不规则框架结构的总体抗震性能及差异，并对产生这些差异的原因进行了分析；考察了结构在中震和大震作用下抗扭设计方法和措施的有效性，对结构在平?扭耦联振动下能否达到“中震可修” 、 “大震不倒”的抗震设防目标进行了初步评价。
In the static nonlinear pushover analysis , basic concepts and different applicable methods of the static nonlinear pushover analysis are summarized . then the lateral load pattern and the target displacement , which are key problems of the static nonlinear pushover analysis , are improved . the new developed lateral load pattern is the instantaneous adaptive lateral load pattern gained by the internal force of the structure , and the new developed capacity spectrum method combined with the code response spectrum is used to gain the target displacement . at the same time , a pushover analysis of circulating load pattern is developed , and a relevant static nonlinear pushover analytic program is provided . the analytic results of two examples demonstrated that the instantaneous adaptive lateral load pattern is able to reasonably capture the important response attribute and that the pushover analysis of circulating load pattern compared with the pushover analysis of single direction load pattern can more accurately reflect the effect of the earthquake 在非线性静力分析( pushover分析)中，综合阐述了pushover分析的理论基础和不同的具体应用方法，并在pushover方法的关键问题荷载分布模式和目标位移的确定上提出新的方法，即由结构受力反推得到的瞬时的适应性的荷载分布模式和结合中国抗震规范反应谱的能力谱法确定目标位移的方法，同时提出一种新的循环往复加载的pushover应用方法，并编制了专门的pushover分析应用程序，应用此程序对不同算例进行分析，算例分析证实由结构受力反推得到的瞬时的适应性的荷载分布模式能够较好的模拟地震过程中实际的结构受力反应情况，循环往复加载的pushover分析方法较单向加载的pushover分析更能准确的反映实际的地震作用对结构的影响。
