But its performance under earthquake is still worse than higher seismic - measures frame . on the other hand , the higher seismic - measure frame is upgraded from grade 2 to grade 1 但同时应注意到，本文设计的高抗震措施乙类建筑框架的抗震措施为二级提高到一级。
In chinese codes , the disparity between grade 1 seismic - measures and grade 2 seismic - measures is eminent and is much greater than the disparity between any other two grades 考虑到我国规范中，一级与二级抗震措施所分别形成的梁柱级差效果之间的差距很大，而且明显大于其余各级抗震措施之间的差距。
Engineers and scientists of every country are trying to apply and seek all kinds of anti - seismic measurements , and the study on vibrant characters of sorts of arch - bearing structures is one of the hot points 各国的工程技术人员在工程设计时积极应用和努力寻找各种有效的抗震措施，其中对各种拱式支承结构的动力性能的研究也是热点之一。
It is also necessary to verify by nonlinear dynamic analysis whether the measures above are effective and whether the anticipative earthquake - resistance aims can be achievable for frames in 7 . 5 and 8 . 5 regions 上述抗震措施对结构抗震是否有效，按照新规范设计的7度半、 8度半结构在地震作用下能否达到规范预期的抗震设防目标，也有必要通过非线性动力反应分析来予以检验。
Abstract : at first , the shaking table test of a gravity pier model was done . the comparison between the test data and the theoretical analysis results of the model showed that they are identical to each other . the dynamic model of a whole bridge with gravity piers and lead - rubber bearings was set up . the positive role of lead - rubber bearings on lowering the seismic responses of railway bridge and the seismic character of gravity piers were analysed . some earthquake resistance measures of railway bridge with gravity piers were put forward 文摘:首先进行了重力式桥墩模型振动台模拟地震试验，试验与理论分析结果基本一致;然后建立了采用铅芯橡胶支座的重力式桥墩桥梁全桥体系动力分析模型,计算分析了铅芯橡胶支座对桥梁的减、隔震作用及重力式桥墩的抗震性能，提出了重力式桥墩桥梁的抗震措施。
So , we can draw some conclusions as follows : the method of upgrading the seismic - measures which is adopted by gb50223 - 95 is effective and is more effective than the method of upgrading the earthquake - design - level for those category frames of which seismic - measures are needed to be upgraded from grade 2 to grade 1 . but for those category frames of which seismic - measures are not upgraded from grade 2 to grade 1 ( e . g . those frame of which seismic - measures are needed to be upgraded from grade 3 to grade 2 or from grade 4 to grade 3 ) , whether the method of upgrading seismic - measure is more effective than the method of upgrading earthquake - design - level needs further research 因而可以有如下结论， gb50223 - 95对乙类建筑所采用的提高抗震措施等级的设计思路是有效的，并且，对于抗震措施需从二级提高到一级的乙类建筑，该方法比提高设计地震力的方法更为有效；但对于抗震措施不是从二级提高到一级（如从三级提高到二级、或从四级提高到三级）的乙类建筑，提高抗震措施等级的方法是否一定比提高设计地震力的方法更有效尚需作进一步探讨。
The three frames are category frame without upgrading seismic - measures and earthquake - design - level , category frame of higher seismic - measures and category frame of higher earthquake - design - level . then , the author carries out nonlinear dynamic analysis on three frames under intermediate earthquake action and rare earthquake action . the results show as follows : ( a ) the performance of the two category frames of higher seismic - measures or higher earthquake - design - level are much better than that of category frame ; ( b ) the earthquake - design - level of higher earthquake - design - level category frame is upgraded by 50 percent , which is a high limit that is adopted by foreign codes 结果表明：按照提高抗震措施等级设计的乙类建筑框架和按照提高地震力设计的乙类建筑框架在地震作用下的反应都明显好于仅按丙类建筑进行抗震设防的框架；提高设计地震力的乙类建筑框架的设计地震力提高幅度为50 % ，与国外重要建筑地震力提高幅度相比已经是一个上限水准，但分析结果仍然显示，这样设计出来的乙类建筑框架，无论是在中震还是在大震作用下，其表现出来的抗震性能都不及提高抗震措施等级的乙类建筑框架。
Seismic design is important based on experimentations and analysis about seismic fortification measures in domestic and overseas , and by comparing seismic design provisions with seismic codes in new zealand , european community , the united states , it is analyzed the rationality of seismic fortification measures of concrete structure in china 结构的抗震设计对防灾减灾具有重要意义,抗震措施是抗震设计的重要内容之一,它包括内力调整和抗震构造措施。本文在参阅国内外抗震措施的试验及理论研究的基础上,通过与新西兰、欧共体、美国等抗震规范条文对比,对我国混凝土结构抗震措施的合理性进行了分析。
National standard ? 《 standard for classification of seismic protection of buildings 》 ( gb50223 - 95 ) adopts the method of upgrading the seismic - measures to upgrade category structure ' s earthquake - resistance level . it is different from some foreign codes ( such as us 、 new zealand ) which adopt the method of upgrading the earthquake - design - level . the main topic of this dissertation is to study which method is more effective 国家标准《建筑抗震设防分类标准》 （ gb50223 - 95 ）中对乙类建筑采用的是通过提高抗震措施等级来提高其设防水准的方法，这与国外（如美国、新西兰、欧共体等）对重要建筑所采用的提高设计地震力的方法有概念上的差异。
