Answer : ( 1 ) build perfect and aseismatic take precautions against natural calamities to guarantee a system ; ( 2 ) make and carry out an enterprise program of aseismatic take precautions against natural calamities and lash - up countermeasure ; ( 3 ) had done seriously build a project the aseismatic consolidate of aseismatic fortify and original project and equipment works ; ( 4 ) the conduct propaganda of knowledge of aseismatic take precautions against natural calamities mixes aggrandizement gain ground 答： （ 1 ）建立健全抗震防灾保障体系； （ 2 ）制定并实施企业抗震防灾规划和应急对策； （ 3 ）认真做好新建工程抗震设防和原有工程及设备的抗震加固工作； （ 4 ）强化抗震防灾知识的宣传和普及。
Aseismic retrofitting with steel braces can improve the lateral stiffness under frequently occurred earthquakes and the capability of energy - dissipation under seldomly occurred earthquakes of the reinforced concrete frame structures , which can save construction time , occupy little space and do not affect architectural function and elevation severely , so has been used in practical retrofitting projects extensively 钢支撑加固作为钢筋混凝土框架结构的一种抗震加固方法，能够提高结构在小震下的抗侧刚度，显著改善结构在大震下的耗能能力，且施工周期短，空间占有少，对建筑物的功能与立面美观影响较小，因此在实际工程的抗震加固中应用较为广泛。
In this paper , two steel bracing - retrofitting methods are proposed for the rc frame structures , which are steel angels - at - four - corners method and embedded - steel framework method . two test models of one - story and two - bay reinforced concrete frame retrofitted with above two methods separately are designed and conducted low - cyclic reversed load tests , their aseismic behaviors such as strength , stiffness , ductility and energy - dissipating capability are studied 本文提出了两种支撑抗震加固方法，即外包钢支撑加固法和钢内框支撑加固法；设计了两榀单层两跨钢筋混凝土框架结构试验模型，进行了水平低周反复荷载试验，重点探讨其强度、刚度、延性和耗能能力等抗震性能。
We can determine ineffective water supplying area and the rate of water supply of node by analysing the reliability of system with monte carlo method , find the weak link , and provide technique and countermeasure for damage prediction and aseismic reinforcement . finally , the estimate method of losing is developed for water delivery system under earthquake 通过用montecarlo技术对管网的连通性分析，确定节点的供水率和系统供水失效区，找出系统的薄弱环节，这可以为城市供水管网的震害预测和抗震加固提供有效的方法和对策。
( 4 ) while the using of the aqueduct bridge had needs to be adjusted , seismic reinforced measure should deal with servicing and alteration . ( 5 ) in the method of reinforcing , it should be mentioned that the reinforce part must combine with the former structure element to guarantee the associated force of the reinforce part when considering earthquake shock （ 4 ）当渡槽的使用在近期需要调整时，抗震加固宜结合维修改造一并处理； （ 5 ）加固方法应注意加固部分与原结构构件的牢固结合，保证在地震发生时加固部位的联合受力。
On the basis of the wide investigation of the achievement home and abroad about the friction energy dissipation frame , this dissertation has completed a whole research process - from time - history response analysis of the structure with friction energy dissipation , to the theoretical research on the frame with friction energy dissipation , up to application of friction energy dissipation in structural seismic 本文在广泛调研国内外对摩擦耗能框架结构的研究成果基础上，从摩擦耗能框架动力时程分析的研究出发，逐步深入开展对摩擦耗能框架结构的理论研究，进而探讨摩擦耗能减震技术在结构抗震加固中应用的设计方法。
And the seismic design of the structure has been checked and the weak story has been found with the help of soft named tat . the optimal parameters of the friction energy dissipation have been designed based on the genetic algorithm and the limitations of structural inter - story displacement are satisfied under minor earthquake and major earthquake 对于摩擦耗能减震技术在结构抗震加固中的应用方面，本文以工程为例，结合软件tat对该结构进行抗震验算，找出结构薄弱层，利用遗传算法优化设计摩擦耗能支撑参数，使结构满足多遇地震和罕遇地震下结构位移控制要求。
