Results perioperative data showed that the transtrochanteric surgical approach resulted in significantly more blood loss and longer operative time than the anterior approach 包括病因、手术切口、手术时间、手术出血量、手术前后的髋关节功能评分以及术后并发症等。
Conclusion the choice of approach in primary total hip arthroplasty brings no functional difference , but the anterior approach is a safer technique with faster postoperative recovery 结论手术切口的选择对髋关节置换的术后功能无影响，但前切口在初次全髋置换术中具有损伤小、恢复快的优势。
Purpose : to explore the risk factors for nosocomial infection of urological surgical department . method : 2 976 cases of urological surgical patients was investigated retrospectively for the nosocomial infective prevalence in urological surgical department from the april 1996 to april 1999 . result : nosocomial ratio in urological surgical department was 4 . 87 % , in which 73 . 1 % for male and 26 . 9 % for female . the infective sites are lower respiratory tract , surgical wound , urinary tract , gastrointestinal tract , upper respiratory tract and skin - soft tissues in turn , infection rates were 4 . 38 % , 10 . 4 % , 13 . 6 % , 27 . 6 % , 25 . 5 % , 30 . 3 % , 20 . 8 % , 42 . 6 % for clean wound , dirty wound , infection wound , artery catheter , venouse catheter , urinary tract catheter , respiratory tract , and general anesthesia respectively . conclusion : the nosocomial infection was not related to age , infection time and the usage of antibiotics ; but was closely related to gender , surgical sites , surgical wound type , invasive operation , the degree of tisk index and micropathogens 目的:探讨泌尿外科医院感染的危险因素.方法:回顾性调查1996年4月1999年4月间我院泌尿外科手术患者2976例的医院感染情况.结果:泌尿外科医院感染率为4 . 87 % ,其中男性占73 . 1 % ,女性占26 . 9 % ;感染部位依次为下呼吸道、手术伤口、泌尿道、胃肠道、上呼吸道、皮肤软组织;类切口术后感染率为4 . 4 % ,类切口术后感染率为10 . 4 % ,类切口术后感染率为13 . 6 % ;动脉插管感染率为27 . 6 % ,静脉插管感染率为25 . 5 % ,泌尿道插管感染率为30 . 3 % ,呼吸道感染率为20 . 8 % ,全麻感染率为42 . 6 % .结论:医院感染与患者年龄、感染时间和抗菌药物使用情况无关,与性别、部位分布、手术切口类型、侵入性操作、危险指数等级及病原微生物有密切关系
Abstract : purpose : to explore the risk factors for nosocomial infection of urological surgical department . method : 2 976 cases of urological surgical patients was investigated retrospectively for the nosocomial infective prevalence in urological surgical department from the april 1996 to april 1999 . result : nosocomial ratio in urological surgical department was 4 . 87 % , in which 73 . 1 % for male and 26 . 9 % for female . the infective sites are lower respiratory tract , surgical wound , urinary tract , gastrointestinal tract , upper respiratory tract and skin - soft tissues in turn , infection rates were 4 . 38 % , 10 . 4 % , 13 . 6 % , 27 . 6 % , 25 . 5 % , 30 . 3 % , 20 . 8 % , 42 . 6 % for clean wound , dirty wound , infection wound , artery catheter , venouse catheter , urinary tract catheter , respiratory tract , and general anesthesia respectively . conclusion : the nosocomial infection was not related to age , infection time and the usage of antibiotics ; but was closely related to gender , surgical sites , surgical wound type , invasive operation , the degree of tisk index and micropathogens 文摘:目的:探讨泌尿外科医院感染的危险因素.方法:回顾性调查1996年4月1999年4月间我院泌尿外科手术患者2976例的医院感染情况.结果:泌尿外科医院感染率为4 . 87 % ,其中男性占73 . 1 % ,女性占26 . 9 % ;感染部位依次为下呼吸道、手术伤口、泌尿道、胃肠道、上呼吸道、皮肤软组织;类切口术后感染率为4 . 4 % ,类切口术后感染率为10 . 4 % ,类切口术后感染率为13 . 6 % ;动脉插管感染率为27 . 6 % ,静脉插管感染率为25 . 5 % ,泌尿道插管感染率为30 . 3 % ,呼吸道感染率为20 . 8 % ,全麻感染率为42 . 6 % .结论:医院感染与患者年龄、感染时间和抗菌药物使用情况无关,与性别、部位分布、手术切口类型、侵入性操作、危险指数等级及病原微生物有密切关系
Results the isolation rate of acinetobacter baumannii was the highest in intensive care units ( 31 . 66 % ) , the next was department of transplantation ( 23 . 24 % ) ; respiratory tract and surgical incisional wound were the main infection sites , the infection rate was 49 . 91 % and 40 . 82 % respectively ; the bacterial resistancet rate to twelve antimicrobial agents ( amikacin , cefoperazone and etc ) increased every year 结果鲍曼不动杆菌检出科室分布以重症监护病房构成比最高，为31 . 66 % ，其次为移植科23 . 24 % ；感染部位以呼吸道和手术切口为主，分别占49 . 91 %和40 . 82 % 。
The research results show that compared with the uniform inlet velocity profile , the exponential inlet velocity profile has more advantages to get lower contaminant concentration , to prevent patient and operating apparatus in the operating area from infection by airborne disease germs and to reduce the airflow rate needed for pollutant concentration control 研究表明，与通常采用的均匀风速的送风口相比，变化风速的送风口对于降低手术室工作细菌浓度，防止病人手术切口及手术器械等回风气流携带的浮游细菌再次感染，以及减少手术室的送风量等方面具有明显的优点。
The mis technique entails the use of very small endoscope , real - time videoscopic guidance and precision - crafted laparoscopic instruments . these allow the surgeons to operate through very tiny incisions without opening the body cavity . this new technology has revolutionized the management of many diseases in adults and has gained wide acceptance from both patients and medical professionals 微创外科技术综合运用了微型内窥镜，影像即时监测技术以及精密外科手术器械，令外科医生可以利用微细的手术切口，而不需通过传统方法割开病人的体腔就可以进行手术。
