A structure or substance not normally present but produced by an external agent or action , such as a structure seen in a microscopic specimen after fixation that is not present in the living tissue 矫作物非正常出现而是由外界因素或作用所产生的一种结构或物质，如经固定后，在显微镜下才能看到的标本中的一种活生命组织中不会出现的结构
Diabetes is the chronic disease due to insufficiency of pancreatic insulin secretion or poor tolerance of insulin , which would cause hyperglycemia or urine sugar via the decreasing of utilization ratio of glucose within food 摘要糖尿病是由于胰脏分泌的胰岛素量不足或作用不好，使体内新陈代谢发生障碍而引起的慢性疾病，由于病人对食物中醣类的利用率减低，而造成血糖过高或尿中有糖的现象。
We are instructed , for instance , in manual exercises , in the fine and useful arts , in trades , and in ways of business ; for these are methods , which have little or no effect upon the mind itself , are contained in rules committed to ( 3 ) memory , to tradition , or to use , and bear upon an end external to themselves 例如，老师教我们学做手工作业，学美术和实用美术，学贸易，学经商之道；因为这些都是方法，对心智没有作用或作用很小，包含在记忆、传统或使用的规则当中，和它们外在的目的相关。
