Energy from the microwave background radiation and from collisions among the atoms would have sufficed to flip electrons and induce the hydrogen to glow feebly 从微波背景辐射以及原子碰撞而来的能量，已足够翻转电子，使得氢气微微发光。
The high homogeneity and isotropy shown in the cosmic microwave background ( cmb ) prove that the universe has been in existence for around 15 billion years 微波背景辐射显示的宇宙高度的均匀性和各向同性说明，宇宙已经存在了约150亿年左右。
For examples , observation of the gravitational lens phenomenon and the scattering phenomenon produced by microwave background radiation and hot plasmas from galaxies clusters ，例如利用引力透镜现象及微波背景辐射与星系团的热等离子体造成的散射现象等等。
This star has a non - zero temperature and there is heat conduction between the star and the surrounding radiation . possible experimental tests are discussed briefly 该星体被放置在一个均匀、各向同性的宇宙微波背景辐射场中，星体与背景辐射场之间存在着热传导。
We have a snapshot of the universe as it was 400 , 000 years after the big bang ? the cosmic microwave background radiation ? as well as pictures of individual galaxies a billion years later 我们已拥有宇宙在大霹雳40万年后光景的快照：宇宙微波背景辐射，与大霹雳10亿年后星系个体的影像。
The nobel prize in physics goes to john mather and george smoot " for their discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation 2006年的诺贝尔物理学奖授予了美国科学家约翰?马瑟和乔治?斯穆特，以表彰他们发现了宇宙微波背景辐射的黑体形式和各向异性。
In between the release of the microwave background and the first rays of starlight was a period when the universe was dark and the microwave background no longer traced the distribution of matter 宇宙在释放出微波背景与第一道星光之间，看起来黯淡无光，而微波背景也无法反映出物质的分布。
Scientists used wilkinson microwave anisotropy probe wmap to capture the cosmic portrait that reveals the afterglow of the big bang , i . e . the cosmic microwave background radiation 科学家利用威尔金森微波各向异性探测器wilkinson microwave anisotropy probe , wmap ，测量来自不同方向的宇宙微波背景辐射，展示了大爆炸后的馀辉。
But wmap , with its ability to resolves slight temperature fluctuations down to millionths of a degree , is still able to detect these minute differences and produces the finest full sky thermogram of the cosmic background 但由于wmap的超高灵敏度仪器可测量低至数百万分之一度的温差，它才能不负所托，得出至今最精细的全天微波背景辐射温度图。
According to cosmological theory , galaxies , galaxy clusters and larger structures evolved from small inhomogeneities in the matter density of the early universe , which are revealed by variations in the temperature of the cosmic microwave background ( cmb ) 根据宇宙学的理论，星系、星系团和大尺度结构，都是从早期宇宙中，质量密度的微扰演化而来，这也正是宇宙微波背景（ cmb ）辐射的温度异向性告诉我们的。
