Travelling wave tubes （ twt ） are the heart parts of radar systems ， communication systems ， electronic countermeasures ， remote - control & test device ， accurate guidance equipment , etc . as the main component of the beam - wave interaction of a travelling wave tube for producing microwave energy , the solw - wave structure ( sws ) is the key of the twt . it basically determines the performance of the twt 行波管是雷达、通信、对抗和精密制导等设备的“心脏” ，而慢波系统作为行波管进行注波互作用激励微波能量的主要部件，是行波管的核心，其性能优劣直接决定高功率微波源的性能。
The high power microwave ( hpm ) technology is a new and frontier science which rose in the 1970s . for it was broadly apllied in many areas such as military , scientific research , industry machining , new material preparation and medicine , biology , etc . and because of the continuing demands of higher power , higher energy and higher frequency microwave sources in military and scientific research , the young science has developed rapidly and is receiving widespread attention in past three decades 高功率微波技术自上世纪70年代兴起以来，由于其在军事、科学研究、工业加工，新材料制备以及医学、生物学等多领域的广泛应用，加之军事、科研对更高功率、更高能量、更高频率微波源的不断需求，在近三十年时间里该学科得以迅猛的发展并受到广泛重视。
It applies to all kinds of soild microwave sources and supports manual and automatic measurement . with it , one port reflection coefficient , swr and two ports s matrix can be got at fixed - frequency . one port reflection parameters , two ports transmission parameters and q value of microwave resonator can be measured over wide frequency 该网络分析仪可适应各种固体微波源，一机多用；可以进行自动和手动的独立测量：它将点频测量与扫频测量功能集合于一身，可在点频状态下测量二端口网络的反射系数、驻波比、二口网络的s参数，在扫频状态下测量传输参量、反射参量、微波谐振腔q值等。
This thesis has studied some key hpm power combining technologies such as phase - locked source , high power phase shifter and high power combiner . according to the facts of hprl , it presents a combining project of relativistic magnetron with three output ports which acts as an phase - coherent hpm source . through theoretical computation and hfss simulation , we have designed the hpm dielectric phase shifter and waveguide - based combiner 对高功率微波功率合成的关键技术如锁相源、高功率移相器、功率合成器进行了讨论分析，结合实验室实际情况，提出了以三端口输出相对论磁控管作为相干高功率微波源进行高功率合成技术研究的方案。
As far as most of the high power microwave source is concerned , the mechanism of microwave generation is to make use of the interaction between beam electrons and microwave , during which the energy of the electron beam transfers to the microwave , and the power of the microwave is generated or amplified 大多数高功率微波源,都是利用电子束与微波相互作用,将束电子的部分能量转化为微波场的能量,使微波功率得到放大,从而使高功率微波的产生有了可能。因此电子束的发射和传输规律对微波器件的研究非常重要。
At the end of the thesis , the basic physical characteristics of axially - emitted and radially - emitted electron beam are summed up , and the design methods of sws ( slow wave structure ) for high - efficiency beam - wave interaction according to the motion characteristics of e - beam are brought forward , these helpful discussions for design of microwave source are going to be validated by pic method 最后,本文在总结电子轴向、径向和角向运动基本规律的基础上,从电子运动的角度提出了高效率束波相互作用慢波结构的设计思路,为微波源的设计提供了一些有益的参考。
Therefore , the study of electron beam emission and transportation is important to the research of microwave devices . because of this importance , the motion of beam electrons under the circumstances of radial emission and axial emission has been studied in the following parts : theoretical analysis , pic ( particle - in - cell ) method and numerical computation . the results of the study are all reasonable and valuable , and will offer a theoretical guidance to the design of microwave devices 鉴于研究束电子运动特性和束波相互作用的物理机制的重要意义,本文试图从初步理论分析、粒子模拟、数值计算三个方面入手,对电子束在轴向发射和径向发射条件下的运动规律进行了研究,得到了合理而有价值的结果,从而为微波源的设计提供有意义的理论指导。
High frequency system in high power resources of millimeter - wave radiation , such as resonator system , it ' s capability performs a vital role in whole high power microwave system . computer simulation is necessary in design process . basing on academic analyzing , simulation of resonator system with computer assistant tools will be very useful to optimize the apparatus designing 高功率微波源中的高频系统，如谐振腔系统等，其设计性能对整个高功率微波系统起着至关重要的作用，设计过程中的计算机仿真亦是必不可少的。
Usually , hpm devices working in the high current and large field amplitude state , after the field reaches saturation , the nonlinear effects will become extremely strong so that the intrinsic nonlinear phenomena ( for example limit cycle oscillation and chaotic behavior ) of the system occur . these nonlinear behaviors directly influence the output characteristic of the devices 在通常情况下，高功率微波源器件都工作在大电流和强场工作状态，尤其在场达到饱和以后，系统的非线性效应将变得非常明显，非线性系统所特有的一些现象(如，极限环型振荡和混沌行为)将出现，这些非线性现象直接影响器件的各种输出特性。
