This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass , which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area , as well as the existing problems . this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ) , by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c , h , n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass , on the base of the experimental result , and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change , and passed the ro . os examination , which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ) , proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min , 20 ? / min , 40 ? / min , 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples , according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula , we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of , then , using the goast - redfern and p function , we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy , and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass , all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ) , in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles , we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope , we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5 . 0 to 6 . 0 , the average is 5 . 3 ; ( 4 ) , we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field , we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis , and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical , all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ) , according to the above experiment result , synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics , engineering the material , machine the design to learn the principle , deduce , establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ) , we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain , reactor cone wall strength design theory , the reactor production ability theory , the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory 本文较全面、系统地综述了国内外生物质热解液化制取生物燃油技术研究发展现状及存在的问题，主要研究内容有： ( 1 )实验、测定了20种常见生物质的能量(发热量)和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根据实验结果分别建立了以h和c为自变量的生物质能量预测经验公式，并通过r _ ( 0 . 05 )检验；为闪速热解液化装置能量转化率计算和生物质能量利用率计算提供了依据和方便； ( 2 )选择了8种生物质试样作了等加热速率( 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min )和恒温加热的tg和dtg实验，根据实验数据和阿伦尼乌斯公式建立了生物质热解反应动力学微分方程，并采用goast - redfem积分法和p函数对其动力学参数进行了求解，解析出各种生物质的频率因子和活化能参数，进而建立了各种生物质的热解动力学模型，为科学确定反应器的闪速热解工作温度范围及热解反应动力学描述，提供了理论和依据； ( 3 )为研究和确定不同尺度的生物质颗粒中心达到全热解的时间，在体视显微镜下对不同粒度的生物质颗粒的长径比进行了实验观察和测定，得出生物质的长径比( l d )一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之间，平均为5 . 3的结果； ( 4 )采用复杂温度场传热学理论对生物质传热过程及充分热解时间理论进行了研究，解析推导出了不同尺寸生物质颗粒中心温度达到充分热解温度的时间( t ) ，得出了理论推导的充分热解时间与最大产油率的热解时间相一致的结果，为闪速热解反应器固相滞留时间设计和预测提供了理论依据； ( 5 )根据上述实验结果，综合运用工程力学、工程材料、机械设计学原理，推导、建立了转锥式闪速热解反应器物料滞留时间( )与转速(或频率)合理匹配理论； ( 6 )提出了转锥式闪速热解反应器的最小锥角设计、锥壁强度设计、生产能力设计理论和功率计算方法及临界转速理论等。
The contrast is higher , the amount of reflect becomes more ; and the sedimet is deeper , the shaking duration becomes longer . so . as the contrast higher and the depth deeper , more waves converge on the basin , more waves interfere with each other , the duration is longer , the amplitude of displacement or accelerate is larger , and the fourier responce spectra contain more components 所以，基岩与沉积层的剪切波速比越大，沉积层的深度越大，波就越容易聚集在盆地中，中国地震局工程力学研究所硕士论文波与波之间的干涉机会就越多，盆地的振动时间就越长，沉积层的位移和加速度反应就越大，波的频谱成分就越丰富。
Based on the unified recursive formula , the four algorithms included in this study are the central difference method , the newrnark ' s method , z - transform method , and duhamel ' s step integral method . the accuracy , the phase and other existent problem are studied in this paper . it is proved in this paper that the recursive parameters b1and b2are relate to the poles of theoretical transfer function 分析中可以发现，中心差分方法， newmark中点加速度方法、 z变换方法及duhamel逐步积分法在精度范围内其计算相位是没有畸变的，中国地震局工程力学研究所顷土学位论文一但是中心差分方法， newmark中点加速度方法随着采样间隔及系统自振频率的增大，系统的固有自振周期被改变，其传递函数的共振区域与理论传递函数的共振区域会发生分离。
Many problems of engineering mechanics that have large computation scale have n ' t been solved due to the bottleneck between the computation and memory of the von neumann computer . and there still have n ' t breakthrough in some new or pendent problems because of such reason as computation , etc . therefore , new theory and method of computational mechanics need to be developed to solve above problems 由于传统计算机本身固有的计算与存储之间的“瓶颈”障碍，许多工程力学问题因计算规模大而得不到求解，许多新问题和悬而未决的老问题，由于计算问题等原因还没有突破性进展。
( 4 ) to determine liquefaction potential in site , several viable approaches are used , and these are ( 1 ) the standard penetration test ( spt ) , ( 2 ) measurement of in - situ shear wave velocity ( vs ) , and ( 3 ) use of test data and seed & idriss method . considering the non - linear of the soil , we calculate the earthquake response of the soil with the hardin - drnevich model and the finite element method . finally , we estimate the liquefaction capability of the site during earthquake in xuzhou , jiangsu province 中国地展局工程力学研究所硕士学位论文川采用《建筑抗震设计规范》 ( gb50on一2001 )基于标准贯入试验的判别法、基于场地剪切波速的液化判别方法和seed一idriss简化法对可液化场地进行了液化判别;考虑土的非线性，采用等效线性化模型，利用有限元方法进行了场地的地震反应分析;并对沪蓉高速铁路徐州段可液化场地的地震液化性能做出了综合评价。
Its contents include results on the finite element method for the dynamics equations , the lumped mass finite element methods and error estimations for solving the parabolic problem , fourth order nonstationary elliptic equation , the nonstationary stokes problem and bingham fluid problem , the finite element methods and error estimations for solving linear and nonlinear the hyperbolic equations 内容包括关于求解工程力学方程有限元方法的最新结果。解抛物问题、非稳态四阶椭圆方程、 stokes问题以及管道bingham流的质量集中有限元方法及其误差估计，解线性与非线性双曲型方程的有限元方法及其误差估计。
