It is discussed in this paper the stability study method of a slope with three - dimensional limits through analyzing an example 本文通过李家峡电站导流洞进口边坡的实例分析，旨在对此类具空间约束效应边坡的稳定性分析问题进行一个初步的探讨。
However the diversion tunnel is generally discarded after used , because the construction period of hydraulic power station is pressing , the lining standard of tunnel needs being improved and the up and down steam water level is difficult to be joined 而导流洞在完成导流任务后，又往往因为工期紧，衬砌标准需提高，上下游水位衔接等困难而被废置不用。
During the construction of the concrete lining for the diversion tunnel of xiaowan hydropower station , the concrete linings for the sides and the crown of the tunnel are simultaneously placed by the integral steel shuttering trolley with the greatly shortened construction progress 摘要小湾水电站工程在导流洞混凝土衬砌施工中，边顶拱混凝土采用整体式钢模台车一次衬砌成形，大幅提高了施工进度。
Using a vortex - flow drop shaft to convey water from a high level to a diversion runnel under the condition of high water - head and large discharge is a new kind of technology in the scheme of reusing a diversion tunnel as a discharge tunnel 近年来，为解决高水头、大流量导流洞改建泄洪洞的技术难题，旋流式竖井泄洪洞逐渐成为研究热点之一。但迄今为止，该技术尚未得到推广应用，其主要原因在于人们对竖井螺旋水流运动特征缺乏足够的了解和深入的研究。
During the construction of the diversion tunnel for longtan hydropower station , relevant construction and management techniques are applied ; by which the schedule , quality , safety and cost of the construction concerned are all under the controlled condition , and therefore , the realization of the construction target is guaranteed 摘要龙滩水电站导流洞施工采用了科学的施工与管理技术，使施工项目的进度、质量、安全和成本处于受控状态，从而保证了项目工程目标的实现。
Firstly in the paper the research of hydraulic characters and the optimize of structure have being carried out on the four bigger design schemes of permanent internal dissipation discharge tunnel reconstructed from the right bank ' s diversion tunnel of gongboxia power station with a method of theoretical analysis combined with test comparisons . on this basis , two form swirling flow internal dissipation schemes , vertical and horizontal axis are recommended to the construction unit of the station as the schemes to be selected next 本文采取理论分析与试验比较相结合的方法，首先对黄河公伯峡水电站右岸导流洞改建为永久式内消能泄洪洞的四个较大设计方案进行了水力特性的试验研究与体型优化，在此基础上，向建设单位分别提供了竖井旋流内消能的推荐方案与水平旋流内消能的推荐方案。
In this thesis hydraulic experimental studies and theoretical analyses on the vortex - flow drop shaft were conduced and the following results were accomplished : ( 1 ) in the model test some hydraulic characteristics including the shape of air core in the center of the drop shaft , the radial distribution of water flow velocity and the distribution of pressure on the wall of the drop shaft were measured under the condition of high water head above 250m and large discharge above 1400m3 / s . ( 2 ) a kind of computational method for the spiral water flow in the air core region of drop shaft was discussed and applied and the results agree the experimental data well . ( 3 ) the total ratio of energy dissipation in the drop shaft can reach 90 % and the energy dissipation in every region was discussed quantitatively 本文通过试验研究与理论分析对旋流式竖井泄洪洞应用于高水头、大泄流量情况时存在的一些水力学问题进行了研究和探讨，取得以下主要成果：一、结合小湾工程导流洞改建，对高水头( 252m ) 、大泄流量( 1400m ~ 3 s )条件下旋流式竖井中的水流运动特征进行了比较全面的测量，包括空腔形态、径向流速分布及井壁压强等；二、提出了竖井空腔段螺旋水流水力计算方法，其计算结果与实测值吻合良好；三、利用试验与计算结果，对旋流式竖井的消能机理进行了探讨，对竖井各部分的消能能力有了总体认识；四、对竖井下部消力井的合理井深进行了优化试验研究，发现消力井合理深度为0 . 9d左右；五、通过试验研究，归纳出竖井水流总掺气量估算方法，为导流洞排气方案的设计提供了参考依据；六、在高水头、大流量条件下，竖井空腔段下部流速很高，尽管水流螺旋运动引起的离心力可以确保井壁压强保持正压，但空化数依然较低，因此竖井的空化空蚀始终是工程界关注的重大问题。
To accelerate construction of diversion tunnel and reduce risk , study on years of operation regulations of longyangxia and lijiaxia reservoirs , by analyzing and calculating the flood in construction and during flood period , cross - section of diversion tunnel is optimized 为加快导流洞施工及施工和施工安全，减少施工风险，通过对龙羊峡、李家峡电站多年运行规律研究，对公伯2002年的施工洪水及度汛洪水进行充分的分析、计算，优化了导流遂洞断面，减少了施工风险。
The horizontal swirling flow internal dissipater tunnel being built in gongboxia power station will be the first one reconstructed from a diversion tunnel whose discharge reaches to 1000m vs and water head is more than 100m in china . its scheme ' s argumentation , test research and future apply will have important meanings to the design . research and engineering application of internal dissipation discharge tunnel with swirling flow , will powerfully promote engineering application of this new kind of dissipation mode , which may solve some high velocity problems in high dam construction and provide a engineering example for technological and economical augmentation in a diversion tunnel reconstruction . it is of theoretical and practical importance to promote hydraulic structure researches and development 公伯峡水电站右岸旋流内消能泄洪洞是国内第一个泄量达1000m s 、水头超过100m ，即将修建的旋流式内消能泄洪洞，其方案的论证与试验研究以及建成后投入使用，将在国内外旋流式内消能泄洪洞设计、研究与工程应用中具有重要的意义，将有力的推动这一新的消能形式在工程中的应用，从而为解决高坝建设中泄水建筑物的高速水流问题与导流洞改建的技术与经济问题提供工程实例，对推动与发展水工水力学的研究与发展均具有重要的理论与实践意义。
