In this article , we had an introduction about three models of word meaning access . these were phonological mediation model , direct access model , and dual - route model . we also showed some recent evidence that supported each model . finally we indicated some questions that need pay attention to in the future study 本文介绍了视觉词汇识别领域中，词义通达的三种理论模型及其各自最新的一些实验证据，并提出今后研究中需要注意的一些问题。
To get in vivo evidences that apoplast calmodulin con 1d regulate plant growth and development process , a chimeric secretion form of calmodulin binding peptide , which contains a signal peptide , a calmodulin binding domain and a c - myc epitope was constructed . the chimeric gene was introduced into arabidopsis . it was expected that the overexpression of this chimeric protein could be secreted into cell wall and bound to apoplast calmodulin , which could reduce the apoplast calmoduin concentration to make an apoplast camodulin " antisense " plant . by observing the potential phenotype change of apoplast calmodulin " antisense " plant , the in vivo function of apoplast calmodulin on plant growth and developmental process could be speculated 但这些多是采用生理学手段和药理学方法而得出的体外( invitro )实验结果，为了取得质外体cam在植物生长发育过程中发挥重要作用的invivo实验证据，根据动物中的一些研究方法，本实验设计并构建了带有信号肽、 cam结合肽( can小肽) 、 epitope ( c - myc )融合基因的载体，并将融合基因通过真空渗入法转入拟南芥，预期过表达的融合蛋白将会被分泌到细胞外并与质外体cam相结合，这样就会抑制质外体cam的功能，从而可以构建质外体cam的“反义”植株，通过观察质外体cam “反义植株”的表型改变，就可以推断质外体cam在植物生长发育过程中的功能。
Our research group proposed a model for osmotic - regulation in guard cell vacuoles ( gcv ) , which is depended on reversible disaggregation of particles and modulated by ph in gcv . published evidences for this model show a great increase of the distribution density going with obvious decrease in volume of the particles in gcv of open stomata in comparison with that of the stomata before open ( closed ) . during stomatal opening there is an acidification in gcv of about - 0 . 5 ph unit 作者所在试验室提出了保卫细胞液泡内颗粒状物质在ph介导下可逆解聚的渗透调节模型，并已发表了支持该模型的气孔开放过程中的实验证据(气孔开放前后颗粒状物的分布密度极大增加；气孔开放过程伴随液泡ph的下降[约0 . 5单位] ) 。
The study on the structure and micromorphology of two znse monocrystal indicated that the growth mechanism of znse monocrystal via vapor is two - dimension nucleation and growth , and ( 111 ) face is the mainly appearing face . the results provide an important experimental evidence for the growth theory of singular face . ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of as - grown znse single crystals were investigated by femtosecond pulses 两种方法生长znse体单晶的结构和形貌研究表明，在输运剂zn伽场) 3c15的存在和本文实验条件下， cvt气相生长znse的机理主要为二维成核与生长机理， ( 111 )面为主要生长晶面，该结果为立方晶体的奇异面生长理论提供了重要的实验证据。
This experiment was performed using the " yingqing " peach fruit and " chunxing " strawberry to study the changes of the main physiology - biochemistry characteristics and the microsome membrane ca + - atpase activities during the fruits ripening . the effects of ethylene , trifluoperizine ( tfp ) + ethylene and verapamil ( ver ) + ethylene treatments on the above changes were discussed . the objects of the thesis may further explore the role of calcium messenger in the ethylene signal transduction , and provide some new theoretical basis for further research of the microsome membrane ca2 + - atpase during the fruits ripening 本论文以迎庆桃和春星草莓为试材，研究了两类果实采后在25和4条件下主要生理生化变化和ca ~ ( 2 + ) - atpase活性变化以及乙烯、钙调素拮抗剂tfp +乙烯和钙通道阻塞剂ver +乙烯处理对其的影响，为探讨果实成熟衰老过程中，钙信使系统在乙烯信号转导中的作用，提供一定的理论依据，并为探索ca ~ ( 2 + ) - atpase在果实衰老中的作用及作用机制，提供实验证据。
On the other hand , inhibitory areas of ftc could be abolished partially or completely during bicuculline application . these results showed that gabaergic inhibitory afferent projections to recorded neurons were activated by random resonance caused by weak noise in cochlea , which provided inhibitory input for sharpening frequency tuning and made neuron more precisely analyze sound signal near its bf . therefore , this experiment presented a possible evidence of cellular level for interpreting why human and animal could extract or capture sound signal of specific frequency from the environment with competing noise 说明山弱噪声引起的耳蜗随机共振在_ _仁行传入过程中可能激活了至所一记录的jc神经元的gaba能抑制性神经回路，这种gaba能抑制为锐化神经元频率调谐提供了一种抑制性输入，使ic神经元对靠近最佳频率的频率分析变得更为细致和精确，由于声频率是声信号的重要参数和信息载体，频率调谐的锐化意味着对声频率分析能力增强，从而为解释人们为什么能从充满噪声的环境中捕捉或提取与行为学相关的信号提供了一种细胞水平的实验证据。
