Inversion of the near surface structure can be done by the method with refraction first - break information , so it can be used to solve 2d long wavelength and short wavelength statics problems for complex near surface areas ; 4 ) a kind of 3d statics method with statistical deposition of refraction first - break traveling time in common shot domain is developed 它适应折射面起伏不大、折射层较稳定的近地表条件，利用该方法可以解决二维沙漠、黄土塬覆盖区等复杂地表条件的长短波长静校正问题； ( 4 )三维共炮域折射旅行时统计分解静校正方法。
Based on the introduction of the regional geological background of southern yuan of jingyang and the physical - mechanical properties of the loess , the following contents including time - spatial distribution characteristics of the loess landslide , formation mechanism , environmental evaluation of yuan edge , economic assessment of hazard losses , stability judgment of the slope and prevention - cure measurements are discussed in this thesis 本论文在简述了泾阳南塬区域地质环境和土体物理力学性质的基础上着重论述了区内黄土滑坡时空分布特征、形成原因、塬边斜坡环境演化过程、灾害损失经济评价、边坡稳定性区划以及黄土滑坡灾害防治措施等几个方面的内容。
We energetically advocate straw mantle to lily flower in living through the winter in east of gansu , because straw mantle protect the environment , keep moisture , and effectively adjust growth course of lily flower , make the output form period avoid the furthest serious spring arid , increase the water and fertilizer utilize efficiency , increase production observably 陇东塬区黄花菜越冬田间覆盖应大力提倡秸秆覆盖，由于秸秆覆盖既环保，又保墒，而且能有效调节黄花菜发育进程，使产量形成期避开陇东春早最严重时期，提高水、肥利用率，增产显著。
( 5 ) analysis on calculation results of guanzhong west irrigation areas . compared water shortage decreasing and irrigation guarantee ratio increasing with three different projects such as single irrigation area operation , discount project and change water supply sequence , especially for yang _ maowan and bao _ jixia ii irrigation areas 西部灌区采用三种方案进行对比分析，为单灌区调度、打折方案以及改变供水次序方案，并分别对比了三种方案中缺水量的减少和灌溉保证率的提高等，尤其针对缺水严重的羊毛湾灌区和宝鸡峡塬下灌区进行重点分析。
There is a evolutional phenomenon to have been recognized in shaanbei loess plateau from south to north . that is luochuan district with the loess yuan ( platform land ) in south . yan ' an - an ' sai district with the loess liang ( ridges ) mainly in middle and shunde - mizhi district with the loess mao ( rounded knolls ) mainly in north . this frame and tendency is got and thought to coincide with the styles of their bedrock traditionalh ? called conformability 在长期的研究和调查过程中，发现陕北黄土高原在南北纵向上存在明显的黄土地貌分异现象，即由南向北，大致依次为洛川黄土塬(广义)地貌、延安?安塞黄土梁状(为主)丘陵沟壑地貌、绥德?子洲黄土峁状(为主)沟壑地貌。
And the influence of the later is more tension than the former . the economic losses by landslide in southern yuan of jingyang are assessed . the assessment result indicates that the total economic losses including direct economic losses ( 8 . 4009 million yuan ) and indirect economic losses ( 2 . 119 million yuan ) comes to 10 . 5116 million yuan from 1980 to 1998 泾阳南塬塬边黄土滑坡是由人为因素和自然因素造成的，前者为诱发因素，它比自然因素的作用更为强烈；泾阳南塬塬边黄土滑坡灾害所造成的经济损失评价表明， 1980 1998年间，滑坡所造成的经济损失达1051 . 16万元。
Through analysis and study , it is believed important and feasible that the implemented projects , the importing feng jia - shan reservoir into yang mao - wan reservoir and the water supply from shi tou river to xi ' an city ; form the synthetic analysis of the main factors - quantity , time , apace and user " character , it can be conferred that it is not necessary for the four projects in the western areas to join together at present ; adding gate at the 2 head of lin jiacun trench can only help to relax the problem of lack of water in bao jixia irrigation area , to solve the problem of short of water in the irrigation area needs to take project measures at the trunk and branches of wei he river from lin jia village to the upper stream ; the mode of supplying water of the four projects in the western areas are all by gravity , they can only be supplied one way and ca n ' t be supplied each other 通过分析研究认为：已实施的引冯济羊工程和石头河西安供水工程，是十分必要的和可行的；从水资源配置的主要要素? ?数量、时间、空间和用户性质的综合分析研究来看，西部四大工程目前尚无整体联网的必要；林家村渠首加闸对解决宝鸡峡塬上灌区缺水仅能起到缓解作用，从根本上解决塬上灌区的缺水问题，还必须从林家村以上渭河干支流上采取进一步的工程措施；西部四大工程均为重力供水，只能单补，而不能互补。
The research demonstrates that : the division of regional land - use structure can be revealed well by the above - mentioned method , and those results can show the regional structural differences of natural condition , natural resources and socio - economical development in the study area ; the regional change of land - use structure in the study area saw the following regular patterns : the structural diversity and composed types of land - use decrease by degrees from plain area to gully and hilly area , from nearby suburbs to far suburbs , but the centrality of land - use structure is on the contrary , and composed types of land - use are related with the features of regional economical activities ; the regional differences of land - use structure in the study area are influenced strongly by the geographical factors , such as , geomorphologic situation , location advantage , level of economical development and other factors . etc 结果表明：此方法能够很好地揭示区域土地利用结构的地域分异，其结果能在一定程度上反映研究区自然条件、自然资源和社会经济发展地域结构的差异；研究区土地利用结构的区域变化呈以下规律：土地利用结构的多样性和土地利用组合类型数由塬区沟壑区丘陵区、城镇近郊远郊依次递减，土地利用结构的集中度则刚好相反，土地利用的组合类型与区域的经济活动特点相关等；研究区土地利用结构区域差异主要受地理位置、地貌状况、区位条件、经济发展水平等因素的强烈影响。
