坡耕地

• Including actuality evaluation , environmental identification analysis , dynamic harmonious analysis , dynamic simulation analysis and policy decision putting into optimization scheme . the results showed as follows . 1 , in the current agricultural production structure , output value of animal husbandry and crop planting occupy 93 . 4 % of agricultural total output value , and forestry and fishery do not get fully reasonably develop ; the wild economic vegetables and fruits resources and water resources etc , are the superiority environment factors of agriculture development of this area , and the slope farmland and service system etc , are limited environment factors , and the science - technology and labor quality etc , are potential environment factors ; there exists some problems in the agricultural production system , for example , single productive constitution do n ' t correspond with varieties of resources , rich plant resources exploitation scarcity and economical crop development lag
  本文选择四川盆周山区这一特定地貌区域作为研究对象，以荥经县为代表研究了该区农业生产结构的优化调整，包括农业生产系统的现有结构评价、环境辨识分析、动态协调分析、动态仿真评价分析和实施优化方案的决策建议，结果表明： 1 、荥经现有结构为以畜牧业和种植业并重的猪粮为主的农业生产结构，二者产值占农业总产值的93 . 4 ，林业、渔业未得到充分合理发展；野生经济菜果资源、水资源等为该区农业发展的优势环境因子，坡耕地、服务体系等为限制环境因子，科技、劳动力素质等为潜力环境因子；同时该区农业生产系统存在着生产结构的单一性与资源多样性的利用不协调、丰富的植物资源开发不足、经济作物发展滞后等问题。
• The numerical simulation of moisture varying processes have not shown a good fit to the measured , showing a moisture varying model of simple reduction , and not revealed the distinct courses at various slope locations . however , after simulating by the selected parameters shown the difference between various slope locations , the the coefficient of efficacy ( ce ) was increased obviusly and reached over 0 . 6 , that is to say , the simualted results is reliable in a certain
  土壤水分变化的数值模拟结果? ?坡耕地的上、中、下各部位的模拟土壤水分变化过程基本一致，这与实际观测结果差异较大，因此，还不能准确反映坡耕地不同部位的水分变化特征，但通过对模拟参数的调整，可获得一定可靠性的模拟结果，尽管未达到很理想的程度。
• By the action of feedback mechanism , the system outputs are soil and water loss pricking up , biological diversity being destroyed , heavily soil degrading etc . . and then brings forward some countermeasures such as developing watershed management , resuming and rebuilding mountainous region ? ecosystem , strengthening research on reforestation countermeasure , to ease up the conflict between human and land and achieve the sustainable development
  通过对系统模型进行分析，提出开展小流域综合治理，恢复和重建山地生态系统，加强坡耕地退耕还林对策研究等生态环境对策，以此缓和人地矛盾，实现系统的可持续发展。
• At present there are more reports on soil erosion by experts from home and abroad , but most of these reports were about simulation and research based on a single factor . there are little reports on soil erosion on entire watershed , adopted comprehensive research measures according to the principle of ecological system , especially on soil erosion from the intensive farming system on slope lands , watersheds exploited for agroforestry industry , as well as appraisal reports on soil fertility index
  目前国内外学者有关水土流失的报道很多，但大多数以单一因素和模拟试验研究较多，而从生态系统角度出发，采用综合方法，在小流域尺度上研究水土流失规律较少；对小流域坡耕地综合农业措施水土保持效应和小流域综合开发利用过程中水土流失规律研究以及侵蚀土壤肥力评价的研究则更少。
• The research results mainly show : ( 1 ) the ecological degradation characteristics of wuxi county include : some soil is thin and barren and its water and fertility conservation abilities are poor , gradual degradation of soil results in decrease of vegetation diversity and the vegetation community structure gradually inclines tc simplicity from complexity . the types of soil and water loss in wuxi county mainly involve surface erosion and gully erosion . according to investigation , surface erosion area occupies 80 % or so or erosion area , in which the slope farmlands surface erosion area accounts for about 70 % of farmland erosion area
  研究结果主要包括： ( 1 )巫溪县生态退化特征表现：作为生物生长基质的部分土壤薄而贫瘠，保水保肥能力差，部分地区基岩裸露，土壤的不断退化导致植物种多样性减少，植物种群结构逐步由复杂趋向简单化；县内水土流失的类型主要包括面蚀和沟蚀两大类，据调查，面蚀面积占侵蚀总面积的80左右，其中坡耕地面蚀占耕地侵蚀面积的70左右。
• Applying the relevant analysis approach of gray system , the authors analyze and assess the average of 9 pasture species on the 12 indexes , including the total covering rate , the hight of grass , green period , reviving period , resisting disease , tiller , length and amount of root , weight of root , weight of leaf and stem , tasty impression , and study the application of gray analysis in the comprehensive assessment
  摘要应用灰色系统中的关联分析法对9种牧草的总盖度、草层高度、根系人土深度、青绿期、越冬率、抗病性、分孽数、根长、根数、根重、茎叶干重、适口性等12项主要性状进行了综合评估，并讨论了灰色分析法在选择坡耕地水土保持牧草草种综合评估中的应用。
• At the base of analyzing the factors which affect the cultivated land consolidation potential , the article classed yanqing county cultivated land as flat region and slopping region , and then setted nine cultivated land reference area in every cultivated land type region , finally worked out the non - effective coefficient of cultivated land for the reference area , and the flat region and slopping region by the result surveyed of the reference area
  在对影响耕地整理潜力因素分析的基础上，把延庆县耕地划分为平耕地和坡耕地，并在每一耕地类型区内设置了9个耕地样区，根据耕地样区补充调查结果，计算出各耕地样区和耕地类型区沟路渠田坎系数。
• The results show that topographic slope gradient has important influence on soil and water loss , the bigger slope gradient and the more soil and water loss , and the slope gradient 15 is a relative threshold of soil erosion modulus , but the influences of topographic height and slope aspect are slight
  结果表明：地形坡度是影响径流和泥沙产生的重要因素，产生径流和泥沙的模拟值随地形坡度的增大而增大，地形坡度15是坡耕地土壤侵蚀模数的相对质变点；地形高程和坡向对产生径流和泥沙的影响不大。