Finally , we appeal to superior judicial authorities and relevant organizations to pay close attention and also to investigate the obviously wrongful judgment and the role of local protectionism in this lawsuit , so as to set a good precedent for judicial bodies in judging cases involving academic misconducts and frauds 最后，我们呼吁上级司法机关和相关机构关注并调查此案审判过程中明显存在的枉法裁判和地方保护主义问题，为司法机构依法审判学术造假案件创造一个良好的先例。
On the one hand , unifinication requires local governments to cooperate with each other in various and multiple - level place , for reply increasing fierce international competition and the pressure of globalization ; on the other hand , regional protectionism bulge out the local governments in different area to separate market subjectively for maintaining the benefit of local region , and the tendency of the opposition and competition between each other strengthens 一方面,一体化要求地方政府间为了应对日益激烈的国际竞争和全球化的压力进行多方面、多层次的合作;另一方面,地方保护主义的凸显表明不同的行政区域政府为了维护本地域的利益而主观的割裂市场,相互间竞争和对立的趋势加强。
On the other hand , there have the diversions among the different province and city , and the region protectionism are common occurrences . the lose control of the power of traffic , the unfair competition , the inferior serve and the extruding security hidden trouble result in not guaranteeing the realization of society and economy ' s benefit , saying nothing of the standing development 另一方面，不同省市间相互牵制，地方保护主义屡见不鲜，同区域、同一线路上，运力投放失控、恶性竞争、服务质量低下、安全隐患突出，社会效益与经济效益难以得到有效保证，可持续发展无从谈起。
So they are emotionally close to each other ; which will make the second instance court have prejudice and believe the first instance court easily ; iii ) the low tier of the last instance court will provide convenient condition for the botulism ; iv ) the higher tier courts back of the experience dealing with cases , it ' s hard for them to supervise and direct the lover courts ; v ) too many starting of the retrial procedures make the system of court of second instance being that of last instance exist in name only 其弊端主要表现在：一是作为主要终审法院的中级法院审判水平相对较低，难以矫正不公正的一审裁判；二是一、二审法院因地缘、业缘关系的亲近易导致感情上的亲近，从而导致终审法院先入为主地轻信一审法院的裁判；三是终审法院级别较低为地方保护主义的滋生提供了温床；四是级别较高法院缺乏实际审判案件的经验，难以对下级法院实行审判监督和业务指导。
The delisting channels can be divided into two sorts : one is the removal from the list that forced by the exchange ; the other is the withdrawal from the list upon the request of company . lacking of market - oriented merger and acquisition , the existence of " shell resources " , and the severe local protectionism contributes to the obstacles of the delisting channels in china securities markets 同时，笔者认为我国上市公司退市途径不畅、退市壁垒广泛存在的主要症结在于:市场化收购兼并机制的缺失、上市公司“壳”资源的制约、地方保护主义的干扰、证监会执法力度的不足、退市股票后继流通市场的不健全等诸多原因，而相应的对策就是对症下药。
This kind of power - oriented principle more or less was used in the legislation of civil procedural law in 1991 , furthermore , our country has been insisting on the legislative tradition of “ coarseness is better than precise ” in long term and our judicial system is not independent which resulting in serious place - protection . the above factors make our district jurisdictional system unfit to the current need to market economy system earmarked of right inevitably , it results in a lot of irregularities 这种以权力为本位的理念或多或少地反映到1991年民事诉讼法的制定中,再加之我国长期坚持“宜粗不宜细”的立法传统以及当前我国司法体制不独立,地方保护主义比较严重的现状,这些因素都必然使我国地域管辖规则无法适应当前以权利为特征的市场经济体制的需要,而出现许多的弊端。
The research for the content and related issues of the monopolization system , has enormous role in solving the problems , such as the exclusive system for the settlement of existing legislation imperfect system , internal system of property rights is not clear and the local government is not separated as a result of protectionism , monitoring system unscientific ills and so on 对专卖制度的法律内涵及相关问题,对于解决专卖制度存在的立法体系不完善、内部体制中产权不明晰所造成的政企不分及地方保护主义、监管体系不科学等各种弊端有着巨大的作用。
Secondly , the article discusses present conditions of investigation cooperation in china in legislative and judicatory perspectives and points out various questions existing in practice , such as regional protectionism , institutional obstacles etc . part : the institutional study on the perfection of investigation cooperation in china 其次对我国侦查协作的现状进行评析。论述了我国公安机关侦查协作的现行法律规定及运行现状之后，指出我国当前侦查协作运行存在的问题，包括地方保护主义，无偿协作原则、机制阻碍、协作区设定不合理、协作责任规定不周全等问题。
Based on the principal - agent theory in information economics , it is pointed out that , owing to human being ' s limited reasons , the attribute as a public article of water resources , inefficient market competition , existence of local protectionism , information asymmetry , too low violation cost , etc . , there are moral hazards in water resources and water quality management of east route project of south to north water transfer , i . e . mainly , the water users reduce the investment in sewage disposal 摘要应用信息经济学中委?代理理论，指出由于存在人的有限理性、水资源的公共物品特性、市场竞争不充分、存在地方保护主义、信息不对称、违规成本过低等原因，在南水北调东线工程水资源水质管理中存在道德风险，主要表现在水用户减少污水处理投资。
Thesis is divided into three parts : the first part is about employee and employer . thesis defines the concept of employee and employer respectively , namely : it refers to employee and employer establish any form of employment relationship , in exchange for wages paramount purpose of the staff engaged in different types of work 其中,既有立法上的不完善和国家政策上的不配套,也有具体实践中的执法不严和监督体系的不完备;既有地方保护主义造成对雇员权利的侵害,也有雇主单纯追求经济效益而对雇员应有权利的漠视。
