Under subsurface drip irrigation , soil wetted front movement when higher soil initial moisture content was quicker than that of when it is lower , so did the supplied water pressure and soil bulk density . the wetted front movement of clay loam was clearly slow than that of sandy soil , especially in the larger soil bulk density 地下滴灌条件下，初始含水量较高的土柱，湿润锋运移速度快于含水量较低的；在较高的供水压力条件下，各个方向的湿润锋运移都比低水头情况下的快；容重越大的土柱湿润锋运移速度越缓慢。
The experimental study is designed to observe the flow process by use of morphological method in different kind of soils . macropore geometry is subsequently characterized by using fractal dimensions of staining patterns on horizontal cross - sections . the results prove that water flow in structured clay soils is strongly influenced by the presence of macro - pores and their geometries 为了更深入地了解物质在多孔介质中的运移，本论文进行了土柱模拟实验，将含颜料的水分渗入不同类型的土壤中，然后对其不同深度的剖面进行观察，并且进行了图像分析，发现颜料的分布满足分形特征，水分在土壤中的运移存在优势流现象，受到大孔隙的影响很大，这与上述随机模拟的结果是一致的。
Taking the irrigation with reclaimed water of dawukou forest park in ningxia as an example , through the indoor test of one - dimensional dust columniation , the regular patten of pollutant shift in soil when irrigated with reclaimed water at different infiltration condition was studied 摘要以宁夏回族自治区大武口市森林公园利用再生水灌溉为例，通过室内一维土柱试验模拟土壤的入渗过程，研究了不同灌溉入渗条件下污染物在土壤中的运移规律，结果表明：土壤的吸附作用是影响该地区土壤污染物迁移的主要因素。
Study an effect of using sulfur - removal waste residue ( the vice - product produced by sulfur - removal device of the factory using coal as energy resource to absorb oxidizing sulfur , whose mainly composition is gypsum ) as an amendment to the alkali soil in theory . with certain water as leaching requirement leaching soil column indoor employed with certain quantity sulfur - removal waste residue after collecting and analyzing representative soil sample . collecting and analyzing the filtrate , then calculate the data and speculate the result to guide the field production 本文重点是对煤烟脱硫废渣(利用煤炭作为能源的工厂的除硫装置消除硫氧化物后的副产物，主要成分为石膏)改良碱土进行理论研究，方法上以室内土柱淋溶模拟为主，采集有代表性的碱土并分析其成分后，采用小水量定额灌洗，收集分析滤液化学成分，进行推理分析计算并指导田间的生产实际。
Nitrate content of rape and coriander increased with higher nitrogenous fertilizer application and lower water supply . nitrogen leaching in the soil increased with higher nitrogenous fertilizer application and water supply in column and micro - plot experiments , especially on higher irrigation and higher nitrogenous fertilizer . there was little nitrogen leaching when n application was below 135 kg / hm2 , but n use at a rate of 270 kg / hm2 increased nitrogen leaching in the soil 在一定的施氮量下，硝态氮的积累峰值随着灌水量的增加而下移， 150mm灌水量下田区试验和模拟土柱试验0 100cm土体内硝态氮的积累峰值分别出现在0 30cm和50 70cm ； 250mm灌水量下分别出现在40 60cm和60 80cm ； 350mm灌水量下田区试验中0 100cm土体硝态氮没有出现峰值，而模拟土柱试验在80 100cm则有明显的积累。
2 . the complex stiffness corresponding to three bearing conditions of semi - infinite elastic subgrade , finite elastic soil layer and end bearing at the pile bottom are theoretically investigated , and analytical expression of the complex stiffness corresponding to finite elastic soil layer bearing condition is obtained . the special influence of bearing conditions on dynamic response at pile head is then discussed 2 、对刚性支承、有限厚度土层支承和半无限空间支承三种桩底部支承情况下桩底支承复刚度和桩周土底分布支承复刚度的解析表达及其特性进行了推导论证，通过假定桩底土为与桩等截面的土柱推导求得有限厚土层支承条件下桩底支承复刚度的解析解，并据此分析了不同底部支承边界对桩顶响应的影响。
It is a serious issue that water and nitrogen input rates are unreasonable high in vegetable production in china , which may increase nitrate accumulation in vegetable and ground water contamination . in result , these will be harmful to people ' s health . the objectives of this paper which based on column % pot and micro - plot experiments were to compare the effects of different water and nitrogen supply strategies on nitrogen leaching in the soil profile and nitrate accumulation in vegetable as a base for the n and water recommendations in vegetable production 针对蔬菜生产中水氮投入过量造成蔬菜品质下降、地下水硝酸盐含量超标，水、肥资源的浪费以及给人体健康造成的潜在性威胁的实际情况，以油菜和芫荽为研究对象采用模拟土柱、盆栽和田间微区试验相结合方法系统监测了蔬菜生育期内硝酸盐含量的动态变化以及收获后不同土层土壤硝态氮的残留量，研究了水氮对蔬菜硝酸盐累积的影响及对土壤硝态氮残留的效应。
The objective of this study was to estimate the losses of nutrients in the labgoratory by leaching soil columns containing disturbed soils , measuring the impact of different quantity fertilized applied . different fertilizer sorts and plant system , establishing the comparative model . evaluating fertilizer leaching tendency 本研究通过室内土柱模拟和盆栽试验，探讨不同施肥量、肥料品种以及种植模式等对化肥在砖红壤上淋失的影响，并建立相应模型，预测肥料养分在砖红壤中的损失趋势。
( 3 ) based on the experiments data , it has been found that if the emitter discharge of sdi was little , the depth of pipe buried should be shallow , and the distance between two micro holes should be chosen to equal or close the distance between two lateral pipes , if the emitter discharge of sdi was great , the pipe may be buried deeper , and the distance between two micro holes could be greater than the distance between two lateral pipes 根据一维土柱近似的湿润轮廓线初步选定了工程设计参数。在地下滴灌灌水器出流量较小情况下，埋深应浅，孔距应选择和毛管间距相等或接近；出流量大时，埋深可深，孔距大于毛管间距仍可获得较均匀的土壤水分分布。
The structure of fertilizers was studied by scaning electronic microscopy ( sem ) , and the nutrient release characteristics were studied using water dissolution rate method and soil column leaching method . [ result ] the 24 hours n water dissolution rates of sapcus were 18 . 22 % - 83 . 87 % , and n accumulated leaching rates in four weeks were 40 . 91 % - 65 . 38 % , which decreased by 5 . 21 % - 40 . 68 % compared with that of urea under the same experiment conditions 方法以不同类型和吸水倍率的高吸水性树脂为包膜材料，以大颗粒尿素和改性矿物包膜尿素为原料肥料，研制出高吸水性树脂单层包膜尿素、高吸水性树脂复式包膜尿素系列产品，利用电子扫描电镜研究了其结构特征，并以水中溶出率法和模拟土柱淋溶法研究其养分释放特性。
