The rate of domain switching plays an important role in the nonlinear behavior and properties that are frequency dependent . it is necessary to incorporate the rate of domain switching when multi - scale analysis of the coupled macroscopic thermo - electric - mechanical behavior of ferroelectrics is carried out 畴变具有一定速度，畴变速率对铁电体的非线性响应和频率相关响应等性质起到重要的作用。在对铁电体多场耦合进行多尺度分析时，必须考虑畴变速率的影响。
Then produce the frequency complement algorithms and detemine the funcion x / sinx as the complement frequency response . with the combination of their different merit , we put forward the multistage interpolation algorithm . based on the efforts above , we determined the overall architecture of the variable - rate modelation and each unit design , and the emphasis is the 3 - stages algorithm for the variable - rate interplation . the simulation results of the modulator are also given and verified by matlab signal procesing toolboxes 在以上研究的基础上,采用变码速率调制模块的结构与各模块的具体实现方案,着重讨论了变速率内插的多级实现问题,简要分析了此方案的优点,给出了rtl级的仿真结果,并将结果导入matlab中,利用信号处理工具箱进行分析验证。
Nc machining requires " interpolation " algorithms that accurately and efficiently generate sequences of reference position , distributed according to a prescribed feedrate function , along the tool paths . this paper present a systematic derivation of the proper taylor series coefficients for variable feedrate interpolators . when the path is ph curves , detailed formulations for instances are presented where the feedrate v is specified as a constant , the function of the time t , the arc length s and the local curvature k 对于nc加工要求插值算法沿着刀具路径准确、有效的生成参考点序列(根据预先指定的速率函数进行分布)的实际工程需要，本文系统地推导了变速率插值算子的泰勒系数，给出了当路径为ph曲线，速率v为常数，及时间t 、弧长s 、曲率k的函数时具体的插值算子。
Based on these advantages we analyze the performance of constant - power variable - rate m - qam schemes for spectrally efficient data transmission over nmf channels . by introducing the adaptive modulation approach , we gain two things : 1 ) the error rate is kept at a constant level . 2 ) the achievable spectral efficiency comes within 5 db of the shannon capacity limit . at the last chapter , the presentation of a single base station and a single mobile scenario proved the feasibility of adaptive schemes 然后作者的精力转入信道的自适应方案的研究中，首先通过研究发现nakagami衰落因子的适当调整可以近似于常见的瑞利衰落和莱斯衰落，接着研究在无线信道中采用三种不同自适应方案时的信道容量，研究表明速率的调整是增加信道容量的关键，在此基础上，着重研究了离散变速率qam的情况，表明这种调制方案无论在频带利用率还是在系统平均误码率比其它情况提高很多。
On the question of quality of service , the paper analyses the end to end delay on internet networks , then a variable bit rate scheme based on quality indication feedback is adopted in the transmission system . at the same time , several delay reduction techniques for playout buffering are used at receiver end 对于视频会议internet网络传输的服务质量问题，本文首先分析了internet网络上的端到端时延，结合时延分析，在传输系统中采用带质量指示反馈的变速率视频传输方案，另外在接收端采用回放缓冲方案以减小internet网络时延抖动。
To meet the needs of the third mobile communication system for higher speech quality and greater system capacity , the cdma systems employ variable rate speech coding technologies , which select the encode rate dynamically according to the signal energy and background noise . this method insures the speech quality as well as reduces , the average encode rate , so the system capacity is increased 为了满足第三代移动通信系统对高质量语音和大容量系统的需要，在cdma系统中普遍采用了变速率语音编码技术，根据话音的信号能量和背景噪声动态地决定编码速率，这种方法既保证了话音的质量，又降低了平均编码速率，从而增加了系统容量。
Investigations showed that one of the most important characteristics of pearlitic materials is the decrease of ratcheting rate , the plastic shakedown capability , and the memory and recovery of the accumulated plastic strain under asymmetrical stress cycles . it was found that the interaction between phases plays an important role in the mechanical behavior of pearlitic materials , such as wearability and contact fatigue life 珠光体材料的重要特性之一是在非对称应力循环下循环蠕变速率的减缓并趋于塑性安定以及材料对循环蠕变史的记忆与恢复；同时珠光体材料的宏观力学性能与其细观结构密切相关，在很大程度上取决于珠光体材料的微结构及其相互作用。
In this paper , combined with currently voice coding technique , espically with the fabulosity development of the mixed voice coding and the increasingly utility of the digital signals processor . we investigated the voice coding technique and discussed emphasizedly the technology of variable rate voice coding technology 本文结合当前语音编码技术尤其是混合编码技术的惊人发展及数字信号处理器的日益实用化，研究了语音编码技术，并重点讨论了变速率语音编码技术。论文简要介绍语音编码技术中的波形编码和声码器的主要性能。
In this paper , we briefly introduced the performance of wave coding and vocoder , emphasizedly studied the principle and performance of variable rate vocoder q4401 , including the internal construction and pins , qcelp coder & vocoder , pcm interface , cpu interface initialization process , command format and so on . we also designed a application circuit , with the experiment validated its performance . in this design , the pcm interface chip is tp3057 , it was used to finish a / d transform , the compress coding was finished by q4401 , the initialization and control were accomplished by 8051 singlechip 重点是研究变速率语音编解码芯片q4401的工作原理及性能。其中包括q4401的内部结构及管脚、 qcelp编码方式、 pcm接口、 cpu接口、初始化过程、命令格式等，并在此基础上，设计一个实际的应用电路，通过实验，验证其性能。在设计中用pcm接口芯片tp3057来完成从模拟信号到数字信号的转换，再由q4401进行压缩编码，对q4401的初始化及控制由8051单片机来完成。
