For example , there is little guidance in case laws on what constitutes " injurious conduct " , what makes it conduct of a kind which calls for " condemnation and punishment " are these matters to be decided by a judge or jury 例如：在案例中甚少指引说明如何构成危害行为，以及怎样的行为须受到谴责及惩罚。这些问题难道要由法官或陪审团来决定吗？
The causality in criminal law plays a significant role in both criminal law theory and practice . only when there exists causality in criminal law between the action and effect , will the actors bear the criminal consequence 刑法因果关系在刑法理论和实践中都具有重要的意义? ?只有当危害行为与危害结果之间被确认存在刑法上的因果关系时,才有可能让行为人承担刑事责任。
The regulations of environment protection . the author holds the opinion that the environment crime is a concept of one category , because the conviction depends on the degrees of the severity and different components . secondly 因此笔者认为环境犯罪侵犯的是双重客体，即为我国刑法所保护而为危害行为所侵害的生态平衡关系和因环境媒体而联结的人与人之间社会关系及人类可持续发展。
So the author starts to discuss the charactor of possession when comparing done and undone , in the end , the result is , that there is a new type of irregularities - possession and there is the third type of crime - possession crime 为此论者以持有的特有属性为出发点，以与作为、不作为的比较展开论述与论证，最后得出结论，该类罪创设了一种全新的危害行为形式持有，创设了第三种犯罪类型持有型犯罪。
Connected the theory of logic , the article makes a systematic study about the intcnion and the extenion . it also thinks that " subjective malignant " is under the essence of cr imc , above the subject and the subject ive aspects of crime , and then , subjective malignant unites objective harmfulness to reveal the whole essence of crime 在这一部分的最后，笔者指出，主观恶性在犯罪论体系中上承犯罪的本质，下启犯罪主体要件和犯罪主观要件，作为犯罪成立的主观根据，与由危害行为与无价值结果之间的因果关系所揭示的客观危害性共同组成犯罪的全面本质。
Analysis on the meaning and concept of danger in this part , the author clarifies the meaning of danger , briefly analyzes the similarities and difference between the danger of social harm and the danger of potential damage offense . . two classifications of danger in criminal law in this part , the author mainly discusses two classifications of “ the danger of actor ? the danger of act ” and “ the danger of concrete damage offense ? the danger of abstract damage offense ” , and constructively put 关于具体危险犯,笔者在明晰了具体危险犯的危险,即危险状态是指危害行为对刑法所保护的社会关系(刑法法益)所造成的预示一定危害结果发生的现实可能性的法定客观事实的基础上,探讨了危险状态的判断构造,即对于危险状态,应该以客观存在的事实为基础,以科学的因果法则为基准,从事前和事后两方面进行综合的判断,在判断时,对于判断资料不能进行抽象化操作。
Harmful behaviours by the criminal unit are listed , where harmful results are defined as personal injury and death , or loss of property . following the theory about dual criminal offences , the unit and related staff remembers are asserted to be the crime subjects . and on the basis of the model of crime and economic legislation resources , the argument for an indirect intention is refuted in the subjective elements of the crime , and " guilty fault " briefly analyzed 在犯罪构成论中，明确了其双重客体；界定、阐释了“建设工程、国家规定、工程质量标准、重大安全事故”等概念，提出危害结果有人身伤亡或财产损失，列举了各种犯罪单位的危害行为；以“两个犯罪说”为理论依据，论述了单位和个人两个犯罪主体；从犯罪模型和节约立法资源两个角度反对“本罪的主观方面存在间接故意”的观点，对“过失”进行了简要分析。
On the basis of this , this article gives a new concept of harmful consequence defined from the aspect of jurisdiction , which is that the harmful consequences are changes and states stipulated by criminal law of behavior objects embodying the social relations protected by criminal law caused by harmful conducts 在此基础上分析了定义危害结果时应当注意的前提和基础，指出定义危害结果时应从司法角度入手，进而得出危害结果的应有之义：危害结果是危害行为作用或指向体现刑法所保护的一定社会关系的行为对象而造成的法定变化或状态。
" thus . it can be thought that crime constitution i , s formulated by legislators who categorized dangerous acts in daily lives according to certain interests and values , by criminal law , confirming the assessment of criteria or its lowest conditions - which is called model in this thesis 因此，可以认为，犯罪构成是立法者依据一定的利益需求与价值观念而将生活中之危害行为(原型)加以类型化形成的，表现为通过刑法规范所确认的认定犯罪之规格、标准或最低度条件? ?本文称之为模型。
The second chapter : expected possibility and composition of crime in our country . the chapter have three sections . the first section points out there are some mistakes in the concept made by scholars in our country and formulate its concept as : expect that it ' s possible that the actor do n ' t execute dangerous act in criminal law 第二章：期待可能性与我国犯罪构成理论本章共分三节，第一节指出我国学者对期待可能性所下定义的不足之处，并将期待可能性的概念界定为：期待具有刑事责任能力的行为人不实施刑法上的危害行为的可能性。
