When new types of crimes appear , the legislative people always try to find similar existent crimes as reference objects and thus arrange penalties by comparing the social perniciousness between the existent crimes and newly - appearing crimes , so they can keep the balance of the crimes and penalty plays important roles in judge ' s trying cases , and judges will always try to pursue this balance by considering some similar cases 当新的犯罪形态出现时，立法者意念里总会寻找与之相四川大学硕士学位论文似的既存犯罪作参照，比较社会危害性的轻重配置相应刑罚，以维持整个刑罚体系的均衡性。同时，在司法断案时，罪刑均衡成为法官的内心理念发挥着重要作用，他会考虑相似案例的判决从而寻求量刑上的均衡。
And some operational risk affairs happened in china recent years beget financial supervisor ’ s attentions also . the operational risk measurement represents the international tide and the advanced method in risk management . nowadays , most of chinese banks are experiencing the transition period to the real commercial banks , with imperfection of internal control mechanism 而近两年在我国金融大案要案的频繁发生,让国内监管机构和银行业也开始重视操作风险所带来的严重影响,进一步加深了对操作风险危害性的认识并且深入思考这些情况发生的原因。
Objective to study the status and risk factors on subhealth of the teachers in institution of higher learning to provide scientific proof for prevention of them ; to evaluate the economic burden which the subhealth of the teachers in institution of higher learning leads to in order to improve the cognition about ponderance and harmness on subhealth of teacher in institution of higher learning ; to combine body , psychology and the ability to adapt society et al to establish the diagnose criterion on subhealth of the teachers in institution of higher learning by means of the delphi method 目的研究中国高校教师亚健康状况及其危险因素，为开展高校教师亚健康的预防提供依据；对中国高校教师亚健康所致经济负担进行评价，提高人们对高校教师亚健康状况严重性和危害性的认识；结合躯体、心理、社会适应能力等方面，运用德尔菲( delphi )评价法制定高校教师亚健康诊断标准。
The paper generalizes the theoretic framework of congest toll based on introducing the present situation and problems of city traffic , as the same time , drawing lessons from the experience of city traffic which has taken this measure . this theory system analyses the reasons of congest toll with the viewpoints of micro - economics ; researches the principles of how to confirm the objects ; describes a new congest pricing based on logiit model ; in the end a multi - parameters evaluation method based on artificial neural network for efficiency of congest toll is put forward 本文在分析当前国内外城市交通现状，指出交通拥挤危害性的基础上，以对城市道路交通拥挤“为什么收费、对什么收费、如何收费、收多少费、收费后的效果如何”为思路，并借鉴国内外对交通拥挤实施收费的实践经验和研究成果，建立了城市道路交通拥挤收费理论体系。运用交通工程学和微观经济学的一些观点和方法，揭示了城市交通拥挤的成因以及实施交通拥挤收费的合理性。
Based on the concept and characteristics of hidden failures , the method to evaluate the hazard of hidden failures is put forward . the supervision and control of hidden failures will lower the occurrence of hidden failures , consequently the chances of the wide area system failures are reduced . the problem of power system security is described 通过介绍隐形故障的概念和特点,说明了隐形故障的危害性,在此基础上介绍了评价隐形故障危害性的方法,通过采取对隐形故障进行监测和控制的方法来减少隐形故障的发生,从而也就降低了系统发生大面积故障的可能性。
The human body has developed to deal with low levels of many naturally toxic substances and thus experts assessing risk will not only be investigating the effect of large doses of the contaminant on human health , but also investigating if there is a safe maximum concentration level of the contaminant which has no adverse effect on human health 人体已经进化到能够处理少量天然存在的有毒物质，因此专家们在研究某种物质的危害性的时候，不仅要研究大剂量摄入对机体健康的损害，还要研究是否存在一个最大安全限量，在这个限量以下就不对机体发生有害作用。
