Objective : to compare endoscopic approach with lateral rhinotomy for treatment of the sinonasal inverted papilloma in terms of advantage , indications and limitations of the procedures 摘要目的：探讨鼻内窥镜手术和鼻侧切开术治疗鼻腔内翻性乳头状瘤的优缺点和适应症。
The present study was to evaluate wheather radial keratotomy produces an alteration in contrast sensitivity by comparing this function in operated versus unoperated eyes 这项研究的目的在以比较手术眼与未手术眼之对比敏感度差异，来评估放射状角膜切开术对其所造成的影响。
Conclusion : endoscopic approach is favored for the treatment of non - massively extending sinonasal inverted papilloma because of an acceptable recurrence and a better cosmetic results 结论：鼻内窥镜下切除鼻腔内翻性乳头瘤的复发率与鼻侧切开术相仿，且符合美容要求，所以是可行的。
Gastric lavage and chemical toxin analysis in early stage are of vital importance , plasma exchange , tracheotomy and machanical ventilation are the most effective treatment methods 提示早期洗胃和尽早进行毒物分析至关重要；对于使用血浆置换治疗和气管切开术、机械通气治疗应持更积极的态度。
And justice rehnquist ? though bareheaded and ill , pitifully underclad for the cold , with his tracheotomy tube wobbling at his throat ? was basking in the climate he had helped to create 而伦奎斯特法官尽管没戴帽子而且病了，令人同情的被寒冷包围，做了气管切开术他的喉咙上还插着摆动着的软管对于他协助建立的思潮感到舒适。
Results : in one case the foreign body was taken out by direct laryngoscopy , three cases were subjected to emergency tracheotomies , four cases were subjected to rigid bronchoscopies and tracheotomies and the other 22 cases were subjected to rigid bronchoscopies 1例于直达喉镜下取出； 3例急症行气管切开术； 4例行硬质支气管镜检查+气管切开术；其余22例行硬质支气管镜检查术取出异物。
Conclusions the peak operated well within accept - able safety limits and may greatly facilitate both posterior segment surgeries ( eg , membrane dissection and sheathotomy ) and anterior segment procedures ( eg , capsulotomy , nonpenetrating trabeculectomy , and iridectomy ) 讨论： peak在安全界限内是可以接受的，并且在后节手术（例如膜切开术和鞘切开术）和前节手术（例如晶状体囊切开术，非穿透性小梁切除术和虹膜切除术）中非常容易操作。
The coronal approach provides wide exposure of surgical field when approaching the bilateral joints and developing the temporalis fascial flap for disc replacement . a case of ankylosing spondylitis with multiple joints ankylosis utilizing coronal approach in replacement of bilateral tmj was reported 本文报告一僵直性脊椎炎造成全身多处关节黏连，包括两侧颞颚关节黏连的病例，应用冠状切开术施行两人工颚关节置换术，获致令人满意的结果。
Atracheotomy is an emergent method in the treatment of the respiratory tract obstructionand in the improvement of oxygen circulation . it has been extensively applied in clinicalmedicine . subcutaneous emphysema and infection of the incisional wound are commoncomplications after tracheotomy . the causes for the complications are analysed and theincisional dressing change method after tracheotomy is improved to redue the incidence ofsubcutaneous emphysema and infection of noisional wound effectively 气管切开术，做为临床解除呼吸道梗阻，改善氧循环的一种急救技术，已被广泛采用，但气管切开术后发生的皮下气肿及切口周围感染是临床常见并发症，本文针对其发生原因进行了分析，探讨了改进术后切口的换药方式，有效的降低了皮下气肿和感染的发生率。
It consists of a long incision starting from the back , curving around the chest to the front . in addition , major chest wall muscles have to be divided and most importantly , the ribs have to be widely spread in order to gain access into the chest . the sum effect is that the patient who had this incision would take a long time to recover 因为常规胸廓切开术的切口会令病人承受非常大的痛楚，这种切口非常长，由背部一直延至胸前，同时，胸壁的大部分肌肉必须分割，更严重的是，肋骨也须扩开，以便可进入胸腔，这些程序令病人承受很大的创伤，需要一段很长的时间才能复元。
