( 4 ) cyclic redundancy check ( crc ) js a cyclic code often used redundancy information is added to every transport frame to detect the errors in it ( 4 )循环冗余校验crc码是常用的检测错误的循环码，通过在每个传输帧中加入冗余信息，而检出其中的错误。
In order to maintain the consistency and integrity of data in dbms , dbms uses redundant data during running . backup and logging are two main methods 为保证数据在系统出现故障情况下的安全性和一致性，数据库管理系统在运行过程中保存了一定的冗余信息，包括数据库的备份信息和日志信息。
Although listing 1 has some of the characteristic verbosity of rdf as expressed in xml , it can also be easily processed using conventional xml tools such as xpath xslt 清单1中，虽然在用xml表示时增加了一些rdf特有的冗余信息，但还是可以很方便地用通用的xml工具进行处理，例如xpath / xslt 。
Caption detection and enhancement choosing reasonable features according to the particularity of caption , and combining the redundant information of multiple video frame to detect and enhance caption 基于视频的字幕检测和增强根据字幕的特殊性选择合理的特征，并利用视频中多帧间的冗余信息实现字幕的检测和增强。
To some information systems , this technique to some degree avoids the complexity of deducing the rule reducts . it follows that some open questions are listed in the end of this paper 第三章基于二元信息系统和粗糙隶属度给出了一种去除信息系统中冗余信息的方法，该方法对某些信息系统来说，在一定程度上避免了属性约简的计算复杂性。
On the basis of the degree that the grammaticality restricts the information redundancy in english sentences , this paper discusses the information redundancy required , permitted , or forbidden by the grammaticality 根据英语句子语法性对句中信息冗余的制约程度，信息冗余可分为语法性要求的信息冗余，语法性容许的冗余信息和语法性禁止的信息冗余三大类。
Through event management and knowledge management , the raw event , qua the fault analyzed , constantly checked , and redundance removed one not the sole one , is presented to the administrator and than forms an effective security event 通过事件管理和知识管理，原始的安全事件不再作为孤立事件上报给管理员，而是经过故障源分析、持续性检查，去除冗余信息，形成了有效安全事件。
However , the overabundance of old and new information , and rapid emergence of web - based search engines have generated a great amount of redundant search results and affected the efficiency and accuracy in terms of users " search efforts 然而，新旧信息的交织和网络检索工具的层出不穷，导致了用户检索出大量冗余信息，也增加了用户识别信息的负担，更影响了用户的信息查准率和检索速度。
Image fusion can combine complementary and redundant information from multiple sensors to achieve improved accuracies and more comprehensive than could be achieved by the use of a single sensor alone , which benefits for the feature extraction and target recognition 图像融合能够综合同一场景的多传感器图像的互补信息和冗余信息,获得比任何单一传感器对场景更为全面和精确的图像表述,从而有利于人眼观察和后续处理。
The main work is as follow : in chapter 2 , the magnitude of network audit dates is great . audit data contain a great deal of redundancy . the cost of making training data is high and difficult to achieve , it is one of the problems to be solved by data mining 这是论文重点部分，主要有以下内容：第二章：网络侦听审计数据极其丰富，包括大量冗余信息，获得生成入侵检测模型代价过高，且难以完成，是数据挖掘要解决问题。
