Plastics - determination of the total luminous transmittance of transparent materials - part 1 : single - beam instrument iso 13468 - 1 : 1996 ; german version en iso 13468 - 1 : 1996 塑料.透明材料光透射率总量的测定.第1部分:单束光发
Plastics - determination of the total luminous transmittance of transparent materials - part 2 : double - beam instrument iso 13468 - 2 : 1999 ; german version en iso 13468 - 2 : 2006 塑料.透明材料光透射率总量的测定.第2部分:双束光发射
In order to explain how the factors influence the magnetic fluid ' s transmissivity , we use discuss the following three cases in detail : ( 1 ) v and s are same , while b is different ; ( 2 ) v and b are same , while s is different ; ( 3 ) s and b are same , while v is different 为了明确各因素对磁性液体光透射率的影响，分以下三种情况作了详细讨论八1 ）人和s相同， b不同； u ）人和j相同， j不同； （ 3 ） s和b相同，人不同。
We describe how magnetic fluid ' s inner structure transforms with the time under all kinds of conditions using magnetic dipole model and magnetic chain model . and using effect field theory we analyze the mechanisms of the magnetic particles being chains , change of the chains and reciprocity in chains . so we can make out that the transmissivity varies with the magnetic fluid ' s inner structure 利用磁偶极子模型和磁链模型描述了磁性液体在各种条件下内部结构随时间的变化，并用有效场理论解释了磁性微粒成链，链的变化以及链间相互作用的机理，从而说明了由于磁性液体内部结构变化导致的光透射率的变化。
Without magnetic field , transmitivity t equals 1 ; at the moment of 50s , when the magnetic field is added , t increases rapidly , then decreases gradually , and increases again when it is minimum , later reaches a stable value slowly ; at the time of 350s , when the magnetic field is got rid of , t decreases instantaneously and increases by inches until it is a stable value 未加外磁场时，光透射率下一； 505施加外磁场的瞬间， t迅速上升，随着时间的推移逐渐下降，减小到某个值后又回升，慢漫趋于一个稳定值； 3505撤掉外磁场，丁瞬时减小，接着缓慢回升，趋于一个稳定值。
In this paper , the property difference of sio2 sols used for preparing thin films by esam method or sol - gel process has been discussed . three kinds of sio2 sols were prepared , catalyzed by hcl or nh3 h2o only , or hcl first and then nh3 h2o respectively ( please note : in following text , the sio2 sol catalyzed by hc1 first and then nh3 h2o and its correspondent films will be named sio2 sol 1 # and film 1 ; the sio2 sol catalyzed by nh3 h2o only and its correspondent films will be named sio2 sol 2 # and film 2 # ) . through investigating the assembling properties of the sols , observing thin films " microscopic structure with tem and testing their transmissivity with 721 spectrophotometer , we find that the first kind of sol is not suitable for preparing esam films , but the last two , i . e . sol 1 # and sol 2 # , are good 本文讨论了esam法制备薄膜所用的溶胶与sol - gel法所用的溶胶在性能上的区别，在hc1或nh _ ? h _ 2o分别单独催化和hc1 nh _ 3 ? h _ 2o分步催化三种催化条件下制备了sio _ 2溶胶(以下规定hc1 nh _ 3 ? h _ 2o分步催化的sio _ 2溶胶为1 ~ #溶胶，相应的薄膜为1 ~ #薄膜， nh _ 3 ? h _ 2o催化的sio _ 2溶胶为2 ~ #溶胶、相应的薄膜为2 ~ #薄膜) ，在通过组装薄膜并用透射电镜( tem )观察薄膜微观结构以及用721分光光度计测试样品的光透射率，得出了后两种催化方法所制备的溶胶适合于esam法镀膜，而第一种溶胶不适于用此法镀膜的结论，用傅立叶红外光谱( ft - ir )研究了溶胶组成；用差热失重分析仪( dta - tg )对胶体进行了热分析。
