Mapkks ( mitogen - activated protein kinase kinases ) are the key components in the signal transduction passways which regulate a variety of cellular processes in eukaryotes including in plants 促分裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶( mapkk )是生物体内信号转导途径的关键组分之一，已发现它组成的信号转导级联途径在植物中起着多方面的作用。
But the research of ethylene signal transduction pathway was started from 1990s . in arabidopsis , a model of the pathway as following has been proposed : c2h4 - etr - ctr - ein2 - ein3 - ethylene responses 但对乙烯信号转导的研究却是从20世纪90年代开始的，在拟南芥中乙烯信号转导途径的模式是： c _ 2h _ 4 etr ctr ein2 ein3 erf乙烯反应。
It is possible that they may modify the existing signal transduction procession in cell membrane , thus producing both transduction and biochemical amplification of the effects of the field itself 因此一般认为电磁场可能通过作用于细胞膜上业已存在的信号转导途径，将物理信号转化成生物信号，进而经过信号转导及生物级联放大，最终产生生物效应。
Although several reports have been published for the components involved in signaling pathway of light - controlled pigmentation , evidence of extracellular ca2 + and cam involved in blue light induced anthocyanin accumulation and chs expression is still limited 尽管对蓝光诱导的反应机理和信号转导途径已有一些研究，但对胞外钙离子和钙调素( cam )是否参与反应仍不清楚。
Recent documents suggested that either h2o2 or no function as signal molecules to mediate aba - induced stomatal closure in guard cells , but there was no report to study on the relationship between h2o2 and no in aba signal transduction pathway 最近的研究结果显示h _ 2o _ 2和no都能作为信号分子介导aba诱导的气孔关闭过程，但有关h _ 2o _ 2和no在aba信号转导途径中的相互关系知之甚少。
Abstract : in recent years certain progess in brassica signaling was reviewed about some self - compatibility - related genes such as srk , slg , scr , arc1 , thl1 and thl2 . meanwhile , molecular mechanism in brassica self - compatibility signaling was reviewed , including its action models 摘要综述了近年来在芸薹属植物自交不亲和信号转导途径中相关基因的研究进展，同时对其自交不亲和信号转导途径中的分子机制作一阐述。
The experiment purpose is to confirm that there exist il - 2rand er in c6 glioma cell line whether at protein level or mrna level , and explore the effects of il - 2 and estradiol on the cells as well as the possible mechnism of signal transduction of them 本次研究拟从基因与蛋白水平系统的证实c6大鼠神经胶质细胞有il zr与er表达，并分别初步探讨ilz与雌激素对该细胞基本生理活动的影响，及其可能的信号转导途径。
Curcumin has been shown to induce a wide variety of tumor cells by several mechanisms , mainly including modulation of the expression of oncogenes and cancer suppressor genes , down - regulation the activation of transcription factors , via many signal transduction pathways , and the modulation of cell cycle . provides an overview of domestic and international apoptosis mechanisms of malign tumor cells induced by curcumin in order to better explore and open up new avenues of cancer treatment 姜黄素能够诱导多种肿瘤细胞系凋亡,其机制主要是调控癌基因和抑癌基因,下调多个转录因子活性,通过多种信号转导途径,诱发细胞周期停滞而诱导细胞凋亡.对近年来姜黄素诱导细胞凋亡的机制进行综述,以便更好地探求和开辟治疗恶性肿瘤的新途径。
Lovrin 10 and cv . 5389 . by using this system , following questions were investigated : the change of the pattern of microtubules when treated with iwf ; the change of cytosolic calcium levels in the protoplasts when treated with iwf and the influence of microtubule depolymerization prior to iwf treatment on the levels of cytosolic calcium 试验的目的是以激发子?原生质体简化试验系统来模拟叶锈菌侵染小麦叶片的互作体系，探讨激发子刺激后寄主植物微管骨架的动态变化及胞内ca ~ ( 2 + )水平的变化规律，为进一步探讨激发子诱导防卫反应的信号转导途径奠定基础。
Although cardiac effects of il - 2 have been reported , the mechanisms of action have not been fully elucidated . negative inotropy of il - 2 , partially mediated by no , was observed in hamster papillary muscle . further , clinical research has shown that il - 2 has negative inotropic properties in patients receiving il - 2 therapy 作为在体内分布相当广泛的细胞因子(如il - 2等) ，其对心血管系统的作用尽管已经开始认识，但是对其作用和机制的了解还不够全面和深入，特别是通过何种信号转导途径发挥作用了解不多。
