In term of rational price the compensation benefit in the main stream of the yellow river mean annual is 5 . 086 * 10a8 yuan . ( 4 ) with the long - liu regulated , the ning - meng irrigation guarantee rate increased from 31 . 25 to 86 . 25 percent , the downstream increased from 56 . 25 to 80 . 00 percent ( 4 )黄河上游水电站调节直接保证了宁蒙灌区与下游省区的灌溉用水，经上游龙刘调节以后，宁蒙灌区灌溉年保证率由31 . 25提高到86 . 25 ：下游省区由56 . 25提高到80 . 00 。
The study lies in following aspects : 1 ) a great number of experiments on sfrc are carried out to obtain the basic data of sfrc energy properties , which are the fundamental parts of further study . 2 ) a probability analysis based on statistical theory is done to all the experiment data . in the end , energy criterion for sfrc associated with security criterion are calculated and listed for future use 本文主要针对钢纤维喷射混凝土在单层隧道衬砌中的应用进行了研究，内容包括以下几个方面： 1 )进行了大量的钢纤维混凝土标准试件试验，试验的成果和数据为研究钢纤维混凝土的能量特征提供了事实依据和参考； 2 )运用概率统计方法对钢纤维混凝土的指标进行了可靠性分析，得出了实际可以接受的保证率下的钢纤维混凝土能量指标； 3 )通过合理的假设和简化，研究了钢纤维混凝土构件在破坏过程中的能量耗散机理。
And they ca n ' t take into account distributing of crops and water requirement and water content of soil . aiming at the limitations of this irrigation system , a expressions about design flow of pipe networks is set up by the probability methods . a model of stochastic non - linear programming by random irrigating is presented to optimize network of micro - irrigation 论文针对这种灌溉制度的缺点，引入管网流量设计保证率、概率约束等理论，用概率论的方法推求了随机灌水条件下管网设计流量的计算公式，并建立了随机取水条件下微灌系统管网优化设计随机非线性规划数学模型。
Aimed at the feature of great fluctuation of water flow - rate in rivers and taking the monthly average flow - rate at low water with 90 % guaranty in recent ten years as design flow - rate , the permissible amount of major pollutants discharged into yellow river by lanzhou namely the stochastic environment capacity of waters , was determined by using a stochastic computation mode on the basis of lognormal distribution theory 摘要针对河水流量变化大这一特点，采用以对数正态分布理论为指导的随机计算模式，以近十年90 %保证率最枯月平均流量为设计流量，确定黄河兰州段主要污染物的容许排污量，即随机水环境容量。
According to the concept of available water supply , the calculation methods about available water supply of the large scale reservoir are studied and the concrete procedures of the long - series regulation method are proposed . through the calculation of the monthly natural runoff every year , water incomes under present engineering status , and the long - series dynamic water usage regulation of the 32 large scale reservoirs in shandong province , available water supply under assurance rates of 50 % , 75 % and 95 % are obtained . according to the analysis of runoff characteristics of each reservoir ( multi - year mean runoff depth and runoff coefficient ) , the relationship between water supply incomes under different assurance rates for current year and the year of 2010 , the reservoirs with water supply potence are given 根据对可供水量概念的理解，本文对大型水库可供水量的计算方法进行了探讨，提出了采用长系列调节计算的具体方法；通过对山东省32座大型水库的历年逐月天然径流量、现状工程情况下来水量、长系列变动用水的调节计算等多个步骤，得出了各水库50 、 75 、 95三种保证率的可供水量计算成果，并对每个水库的径流特性(多年平均径流深及径流系数) 、全省大型水库现状年及2010年的不同保证率的可供水量与来水量的关系进行了分析与研究；分析提出了具有供水潜力的水库。
( 5 ) analysis on calculation results of guanzhong west irrigation areas . compared water shortage decreasing and irrigation guarantee ratio increasing with three different projects such as single irrigation area operation , discount project and change water supply sequence , especially for yang _ maowan and bao _ jixia ii irrigation areas 西部灌区采用三种方案进行对比分析，为单灌区调度、打折方案以及改变供水次序方案，并分别对比了三种方案中缺水量的减少和灌溉保证率的提高等，尤其针对缺水严重的羊毛湾灌区和宝鸡峡塬下灌区进行重点分析。
At the same time the study analyse the structural system of the index and it ' s weight with the ahp , and choose soil quality , soil thickness , the content of organic matter , terrain , elevation and the ration of irrigated guarantee as gradation index and choose soil quality , soil thickness , the content of organic matter , terrain , elevation , the ration of irrigated guarantee , the condition of traffic , the distance from the central city , the scatter degree of field , the neat degree of field , loss of water and erosion of soil and land contamination as classification index . at the same time the study emphasize the effect of the condition of ecological condition and environmental contamination 采用层次分析法对该区域农用地分等定级的指标体系及其权重进行了研究，选择表层质地、土层厚度、有机质含量、地形、海拔、灌溉保证率等6项指标参与分等评价，选取表层质地、土层厚度、有机质含量、地形、海拔、灌溉保证率、对外交通状况、距市中心距离、田间道路状况、田块分散度、地面平整度、水土流失、土地污染等13个因子分指标区进行定级评价，强调了生态条件及其环境污染状况在农用地分等定级中的作用。
It is a measurement of service quality which is taken by service objects , such as waiting time , or a degree of available capacity in operation . it is not only the level of management and operation , but also an estimate of basic facilities at a lock . delay and capacity percentile are used to classify losl 它是船舶通过船闸时所能感受的质量量度(如待闸时间等) ，或是船闸在运行过程中提供通过能力的程度，是基于船闸基础设施本身的通过能力评价，其划分标准可采用船舶平均待闸时间和通过能力保证率。
As far as investment in agricultural technology is reinforced , irrigation area is maintained at the current scale , and irrigation assurance ratio is upgraded , by 2020 china will achieve a grain self - sufficiency ratio of 91 % . if we assume irrigation area will be expanded under government plan , grain self - sufficiency ratio will be even higher , reaching over 98 % in 2020 只要加大农业科技投资力度，保持现有灌溉面积不减少，提高灌溉保证率， 2020年我国粮食自给率也可达到91左右的水平；如果按照灌溉面积发展规划， 2020年全国粮食自给率甚至将达到98以上的水平。
Aiming at the main water resources problems of guanzhong irrigation area , such as water resources scarcity , operation ability worse , water supply guarantee ratio low and drought high frequency , combining with the main water conservancy of guanzhong irrigation area to operate and distribute water resources 本论文主要针对关中灌区面临的各种水资源问题，如水资源匮乏，水资源调蓄能力差，供水保证率低以及旱灾频繁出现等特点，对关中灌区主要水源工程实行联网调水。
