It regards patent infringement as a clue , and then educes the legal subject matter of how to defend patent infringement claims , which is being ardently discussed by the circle of those people studying and practicing law . by regarding patent infringement defense as the main thread of discussion , the article systematically and comprehensively expatiates on the contents of the article , such as the concept of patent infringement defense , principles of patent infringement defense , systems of patent infringement defense , as well as necessities and feasibilities of legislating patent infringement defense 本文共包括以下四章内容:第一章专利侵权抗辩的概念立足于对专利侵权概念的全面考察,在深入系统地剖析专利侵权抗辩之后,提出,专利侵权抗辩是在专利侵权诉讼中,被控侵权人依据法定事由,对抗专利权人行使请求权的权利;并将专利侵权抗辩划分为实体法上的抗辩和程序法上的抗辩以及一般专利侵权抗辩和特殊专利侵权抗辩。
2 copyright business relationship exists only during the term of protection of the copyright . the protection of the property right of copyright usually is the lifetime of the author and fifty years after his death , or fifty years from its first publish . the literal , art or scientific works , which expire the term of protection for the property right , will enter into the public domain , and become the spiritual wealth of the human beings 多余指定原则是指在专利侵权诉讼中法院把权利要求的技术特征区分为必要技术特征和非必要技术特征，在忽略非必要技术特征多余特征的情况下，仅以权利要求中的必要技术特征来确定专利保护范围，判定被控侵权客体是否落入权利要求保护范围的原则，多余指定原则与全部技术特征原则是性质不相容的。
Practice description : patent invalidation involving the fields of mechanical engineering , electromechanical integration , textile and medicine ; trademark opposition , reexamination and disputes ; disputes concerning intellectual property right attribution ; intellectual property infringement litigation ; enterprise intellectual property consultant ; analysis of intellectual property strategy 擅长业务：机械机电一体化纺织医药等专利无效商标异议复审争议案件代理知识产权权属纠纷代理知识产权侵权诉讼代理企业知识产权顾问知识产权战略分析
After making comparative study on practice of the two legal systems and conversion of burden of proof in our country , this article put forward the assumption : our country shall make in - depth research on the issue of burden of proof in the medical tort litigation from the aspects of theory and practice , and while follow the current legislative regulation - performing the conversion of burden of proof in the medical tort litigation , form the finer division of burden of proof for the different types of medical tort cases through the judicial practice 继而从理论和司法实务两个方面，对两大法系审理此类诉讼时的举证责任分配进行阐述和分析，并将其做法与我国的举证责任倒置进行比较，提出我国应从理论和实践两个方面进一步研究医疗侵权诉讼的举证责任分配问题，逐步建立以立法上规定的举证倒置为主、在司法实务中根据医疗侵权案件的不同类型细化举证责任分配的构想。
On the followed day of december 25 , 2001 , aiming at the 57th clause of amendatory brand law , the supreme people court made an explanation of how to apply clauses to stopping the infringed behave of the special right of registered tra de mark before lawsuit and how to save evidence from damage , which ordained before the litigation of intellectual property , or during the people courts was hearing the cases , the owners of trademark or the relative individuals might bring forward requisition to stop the behave of infringements and might save evidence from damage 在接下来的2001年12月25日，最高人民法院又针对新修改的商标法的第57条做出了《关于诉前停止侵犯注册商标专用权行为和保全证据适用法律问题的解释》 ，规定商标权人或者利害关系人在向人民法院提起知识产权侵权诉讼前，或者在人民法院审理侵权案件的过程中，可以提出先行停止侵权行为并可以进行证据保全的规定，此举进一步完善了知识产权立法，成为知识产权人维护权利的有力武器。
As the highly professional technology of the medical industry , it is difficult for the judge to cognize the responsibility of the medical deeds while facing such lawsuits . therefore , the appraisal of the medical accidents is the most important evidence in clarifying the responsibility , which holds the balance in such lawsuits 由于医疗行业专业技术性较强,法院处理医疗行为侵权案件时,很难对医疗行为是否存在过错进行认定,因此,医疗事故鉴定是明确医方责任最重要的证据之一,在医疗侵权诉讼中具有举足轻重的地位和作用。
Our business includes trademark / patent / copyright register application agent in country and oversea , time - extend application agent , modify application agent , permitted use application agent , cession application agent and tortious suit ltc ; meanwhile we offer enterprise intellectual property hatch advice , brand extent hatch advice , tortious investigation and other law counseling about intellectual property 本公司的业务范围主要涉及商标、专利、版权的国内外注册、续展、变更、许可、转让、争议、侵权诉讼等；同时，本公司还为企业提供知识产权策划、企业品牌策划、侵权调查及其他与知识产权有关的法律咨询服务。
In the event of the institution of any suit by a third party against licensor , licensee or its sub - licensees or distributors fro patent infringement involving the manufacture , use , sale , distribution or marketing of the product anywhere ini the territory , the party sued shall promptly notify the other party in writing 如果有第三方在区域内任何地方就涉及产品的制造、使用、销售、分销或营销，对许可方、被许可方、或被许可方的分被许可方或分销商提起专利侵权诉讼，被诉方应立即书面通知另一方。
Patent department has successfully handled invalidation cases for wan hui das clients , including seb group , loreal , etc . . and also provided comprehensive analysis on infringement cases for panasonic , gillette , grohe , etc . . moreover , patent department has been , cooperating with wan hui da ipr protection department and litigation department , effectively handled large numbers of custom ip protection cases , administrative ip protection cases , and civil litigation 专利部成功代理过法国欧莱雅公司seb公司tefal公司德国高仪用水科技股份两合有限公司等国内外客户的专利无效案件为欧莱雅比克seb吉列日本松下上海淘大食品有限公司等提供了发明实用新型外观设计专利的侵权分析在此基础上，专利部协同公司知识产权保护部法律诉讼部快速有效地代理了多起专利侵权的海关查处行政查处侵权诉讼的案件。
