The research for metallogenic evolution mechanism in the region indicates that gold ore formation has undergone three stages : gold elementary source bed formation stage from the neo - archean to the paleo - proterozoic and meso - proterozoic , regional metamorphism - migmatization gold reenrichment stage at the late meso - proterozoic , structure - fluid - gold mineralization stage at the yanshan period 对矿带成矿演化机理的研究表明，金矿形成经历了3个阶段：新太古至古、中元古代金初始矿源层形成阶段；中元古代末期区域变质混合岩化金再富集阶段和燕山期构造流体金成矿作用阶段。
The mesoproterozoic mafic dyke swarms are extensively distributed in the central north china craton , which are not deformed and metamorphic , emplacing the pre - existed fractures , so the dyke swarms become the conspicuous marks to reconstruct the mesoproterozoic tectonic stress field of the central ncc . the mafic dykes in the northern block are transtensional while the dykes in the central and southern blocks are extensional . the mesoproterozoic tectonic stress field could be simulated on the analysis of the distribution and mechanical origin of the mesoproterozoic mafic dyke swarms in the central ncc . the simulation result shows that the mafic dyke swarms were formed in the extensional tectonic setting in the ncc in the mesoproterozoic time , which are related to the extension of the mesoproterozoic yanliao - zhongtiao aulacogens cross the central ncc 克拉通北部地块的镁铁质岩墙群为张剪性，而中部和南部地块为张性。根据华北克拉通中部中元古代镁铁质岩墙群的分布和成因机制分析，来恢复模拟中元古代的构造应力场。数值模拟结果表明镁铁质岩墙群在中元古代形成于伸展的大地构造背景，与横穿华北克拉通中部的燕辽-中条拗拉槽系的伸展作用有一定的联系。
4 ree geochemistry of fluorite , siderite , quartz , magnetite , calcite in ores mainly controlled by ore - forming fluids , in contrasting to those of the metamorphic minerals which controlled by crystal structure . the ore - forming fluids of initial stage show larger lree / hree fractionation than that of later stage . a narrow range of 6 ~ 4s valus for early stage chalcopyrite ( - 0 . 3 to 2 . 8 ) suggested that s originated from the mantle and the 6 13c and 8 18o valus of siderite range from - 11 . 17 to - 15 . 37 % and from 8 ~ 9 . 1 , respectively , it indicates that the c and o of ore - forming fluids were derived from the magma or organogenous sediment 6 、昆阳群因民组地层中出现的稀土富集、成矿与我国的白云鄂博稀土ree一fe一nb超大型矿一床和澳大利亚的olympicdamcu一u一au一ag一ree超大型矿一床，在成矿时代、产出大地构造背景、成矿物质来源等方面具有较大的相似性，均体现成矿受控于中元古代1
2 both the hanging wall and the footwail rock of ore bodies are garnet biotite schist , protoliths are alkaline volcanic rocks ( tracyh andesite ) . according to characteristics of trace elements assemblages and the setting of tectonics , these alkaline volcanic rocks were derived from the lower degree melting of metasomatic and enriched mantle ( eml ) in the initial stage of middle proterozoic epoch . they strongly enriched in large ion lithophile elements ( lile ) , such as ba 2 、矿体顶、底板围岩(石榴石黑云母片岩、钠长黑云母片岩等)的原岩为碱性火山岩(粗面安山岩) ，相对富集大离子亲石元素ba 、 cs 、 rb 、 k 、 lree及贫zr 、 sr 、 ti 、 hf 、 hree ，为早元古代末期-中元古代早期交代富集地幔低程度部分熔融所形成的碱性火山岩。
In the light of tectonic evolution stage and metallogenesis , these metallogenic system ( assemblage ) could be classified as follows : ( 1 ) the pre - divergent metallogenic system in the southwest margin of north china paleocontinent in the archean - meso proterozoic : dongdashan iron , jinchuan nickel - copper . ( 2 ) the divergent metallogenic system in the northern margin of the qaidam paleoplate in the middle - late proterozoic : huashugou - liugouxia iron . ( 3 ) the metallogenic system in the active margin in the early paleozoic : the metallogenic assemblage in the island arc - rift in the early stage ( baiyinchang - qingshuigou copper - polymetallic ) ; the metallogenic assemblage in island arc in the middle - late stage ( honggou - jiaolongzhang copper - polymetallic ) ; the back - arc extensional basin ( zhuzhuiyaba - jiugequan - shijuli copper ) ; the metallogenic assemblage in connection with subduction and magmatic - hydatogenesis ( taergou - xiaoliugou wolfram ; huashugou - liugouxia copper ; dadonggou - diaodaban lead - zinc ) ; the metallogenic assemblage is related to the oceanic crustal shards ( dadaoerji chromite ; yushigou chromite ) . ( 4 ) the metallogenic system has something to do with collision - type orogeny : the metallogenic assemblage in foreland basin ( tianlu copper ) ; the metallogenic assemblage with the intracontinental orogeny and ductile shear ( hanshan - yingzhuishan gold ) 根据构造发展阶段和成矿作用特点，确定本区成矿系统及组合如下： ( 1 )华北板块西南边缘太古宙中元古代裂解期前成矿系统：东大山铁成矿组合，金川镍铜成矿组合； ( 2 )柴达木板块北缘中、新元古代裂解成矿系统：桦树沟柳沟峡铁成矿组合； ( 3 )加里东期活动大陆边缘成矿系统：早期岛弧裂谷成矿组合(白银厂清水沟铜及多金属成矿组合) ，中、晚期岛弧成矿组合(红沟蛟龙掌铜及多金属成矿组合) ，弧后扩张盆地成矿组合(猪咀哑巴九个泉石居里铜及多金属成矿组合) ，与俯冲作用有关的岩浆热液成矿组合(塔尔沟小柳沟钨成矿组合，桦树沟柳沟峡铜成矿组合，大东沟吊大坂铅锌成矿组合) ，洋壳残片成矿组合(大道尔吉铬成矿组合，玉石沟铬成矿组合) ； ( 4 )碰撞造山成矿系统：前陆盆地成矿组合(天鹿铜成矿组合) ，陆内造山韧性剪切成矿组合(寒山鹰咀山金成矿组合) 。
Throughout researching it has been found that three main types of copper deposits , which mafic - ultramafic rock , marine volcanic rock and porphyry , with middle proterozoic , paleozoic and mesozoic in gansu , china . the cu - bearing formation , deep major faults and late structural - magmatic zones formed in specific geotectonic setting are main ore - controlling and metallogenic factors for copper , gold and polymetallic minerals in this area , and their convergent positions are effective ones formed ore bodies in space 通过研究认为：镁铁质-超镁铁质岩型、海相火山岩型及斑岩型三种铜矿类型，是甘肃的主要铜成矿类型，其主成矿阶段为中元古代、古生代以及中生代；特定大地构造背景下形成的含矿建造、区域性深大断裂以及后期斜向构造-岩浆活动带，是该区铜、金及多金属成矿的主要控矿因素，三者在空间上的复合是矿床体形成的有利部位。
