The application of mc - cdma enables one to avoid isi and ici in the detection process , resulting in advantages of frequency diversity 由于在给定条件下，信号的峰平比是功放体积的决定性因素。
Ici , one of the largest chemical companies , decided to make a series of acquisitions to build its paints division into the world ' s number one 最大的化学公司之一? ? ici公司决定进行一系列的收购，从而把它的油漆部门建成世界第一。
The company introduces the complete set of british ici computerized paint mixing equipment that can rapidly and accurately mix special purpose paint for car . 3 公司引进英国全套ici电脑调漆设备，色卡齐全，色种繁多，能迅速准确地调制出各类汽车专用漆。
Ici was looking for diversification and ploughed a substantial amount of money into the work at ccl , representing nearly one quarter of its total work at its peak Ici在选找一个变化而且花费了很多的资金在这个工作上在ccl ,估计接近四分之一的最高峰的收入。
Paint spraying the company introduces ici advanced stoving varnish that has high luster , wearability and antiaging , matching with 2 italian original baking rooms 公司引进英国ici高极烤漆具有很高的光泽性、耐磨性和抗老化性，匹配2间意大利原装进口烤漆房，使喷漆车间的硬件设施无与伦比。
In the end , this paper considered detecting the desired user signal for uplink ds / cdma system . in that case , we need to suppress both mai and inter - chip interference ( ici ) caused by multipath propagation 最后，本文研究了在ds cdma的上行信道中，同时存在多用户干扰和多径传播引起的码间干扰的情况下，对期望用户信号的检测。
To overcome the affection of ici and awgn on the ls estimate of the transfer function at pilot tones , the proposed bispectrum - based channel estimation algorithm employ the suppression of ici and awgn components in the received pilot signals by bispectrum and then the accuracy of the estimation is improved . with the channel estimation at pilot tones , an efficient interpolation is necessary . an improved interpolation method based on transform - domain filtering is proposed , which employs dft / idft and filtering in a transform domain so that the effect of noise on the equalization is significantly reduced 针对导频处信道传递函数的ls估计中存在载波间干扰和加性高斯白噪声的影响的这一问题，本文将传统的ls估计方法与双谱相结合提出了一种新型的基于导频双谱信道估计算法，它利用了双谱对高斯噪声的抑制作用来减小接收到的导频信号中的载波间干扰和加性高斯白噪声的影响，从而提高了导频子载波上信道估计的精度。
For example , carrier frequency offsets , which are caused by the inherent instabilities of the transmitter and receiver carrier frequency oscillators , can lead to severe system degradation due to inter - carrier interference ( ici ) . symbol timing synchronization must also be achieved in order to avoid inter - symbol interference ( isi ) 其载波频率误差会引入子信道之间的干扰( ici ) ，而帧同步的误差会引入符号间干扰( isi ) ，同时还会对信道估计带来严重的影响。
Firstly , in wireless environment , receiver has no know the time delay between transmitter and itself . in ofdm system , ofdm data is transmitted as one symbol , so in order for correct demodulation , the correct start of symbol should be got from ofdm system to reduce the effect of isi . secondly , the high frequency utilization in ofdm is based on the orthogonal properties of sub carriers . if frequency offset is generated , the orthogonal properties among sub carriers will lost , that will cause inter carrier interference ( ici ) and high ber of system Ofdm技术也存在着一些缺陷,首先,在无线环境中传输的ofdm信号对定时要求高,为了减少码间串扰( isi )影响,必须从接收信号中提取出正确的符号起始位;其次, ofdm系统对频率偏移敏感, ofdm技术的高频谱利用率和传输可靠性均以子载波的正交性为基础,如果接收机和发射机之间发生频率偏移,子载波之间就会失去正交性,导致严重的子载波间干扰( ici ) ,降低系统性能。
