If the temperature gradient becomes too large, then convection will take over the bulk of the energy transport . 如果温度梯变得太大，那么对流将承担能量传输的大部分。
During the course of the upstroke, the membrane potential attains zero, and an electrical gradient no longer exists . 在升支发展过程中，膜电位一达到零，电位梯度即不再存在。
The combined effect of uplift and denudation upon the temperature gradient can be obtained by formula (3. 86) . 抬升和剥蚀对温度梯度的联合效应可以根据公式（386）进行估定。
On a singular surface of order 1 the deformation gradient and the velocity of the medium may suffer finite discontinuity . 在1级的奇面上，媒质的形变梯度和速度可以经受不连续性。
They must be able selectively to allow certain molecules or ions to enter across this barrier, often against concentration gradients . 这必须能选择性地让某些分子或离子（常常是逆着浓度梯度）通过这个屏障。
A number of overall correlations have been developed for the prediction of the pressure gradient in the vertical flow of gas-liquid mixtures . 为了预测气液混合物垂直流动的压力梯度，已经得出了许多整体相关规律。
Even if the pressure gradient is partly balanced by the fluid acceleration, its order of magnitude is usually no larger than the hydrostatic gradient . 即使压强梯度部分地被流体加速度平衡，其数量级通常也不大于静压梯度。
Measuring the differences emphasizes anomalies from shallow sources having steep gradients at the expense of low-gradient variation of the type . 测定两点之间临近的差只需以牺牲低梯度变化为代价而突出浅层源引起的具有陡梯的异常。
Differential rates resulting from temperature gradients in the material introduce stresses which can't be removed by later heat treatment . 由材料内部的温度梯度引起的速度差将导致产生应力，这种应力是无法用以后的热处理来消除的。
We may assume that there is no correlation between the local velocity of a liquid particle at a mathematical point inside the void space and the concentration gradient . 我们可以假定，在空隙空间的一个数学点上液体质点的局部速度和浓度梯度之间无相关性。
