The technique of integrating data sources into a virtual database provides an abstraction layer through which disparate and distributed data sources appear as if they were in a single local database 将数据源集成到一个虚拟数据库中的技术可以实现一个抽象层，通过该抽象层，异构和分布式数据源看起来好像就是一个本地数据库。
In this article , i have explained the objectives of having an xkms abstraction layer on various pki solutions , and demonstrated how easy it is to use the xkms service for registering and locating your key 在本文中，我解释了在各种pki解决方案上使用一个xkms抽象层的目的，并演示了使用xkms服务来注册和定位密钥是多么的容易。
This abstraction layer furnishes the architecture with a high degree of flexibility to plug in another vendor s implementation or even homegrown code with minimal disruption to the system s contiguity 在插入其他厂商的实现乃至自主开发的代码时，这个抽象层在对系统的一致性产生最小破坏的情况下，为该体系结构提供了高度的灵活性。
In this case , the web service offers an abstraction layer to the security between the devices and the proprietary device update software as well as abstraction to how and where the deployable software is managed 在该实例中， web服务就设备和专有设备更新软件间的安全性提供了一个抽象层，并指出了关于如何管理以及在哪里管理可部署的软件。
If you have specialized hardware requiring a custom hardware abstraction layer ( hal ) file supplied by your computer manufacturer , see " using a custom hardware abstraction layer ( hal ) file " earlier in this chapter 如果有特定的硬件需要计算机制造商提供自定义的硬件抽象层（ hal ）文件，请参阅本章前面的“使用自定义硬件抽象层（ hal ）文件” 。
Using hierarchical framework , we divide the parallel vector library into four layers based on spmd parallel computing model : application component layer , abstract data layer , data mapping layer and parallel abstraction layer 本文基于spmd并行计算模型,采用层次式结构模式将并行向量库划分为四个层次:应用组件层,抽象数据层,数据划分层和并行支撑层。
You would like to migrate the code to work with db2 but the api changes mean that you would need to write or implement an abstraction layer to be able to continue running on the old database while you test - in the application against db2 您希望移植代码，以使用db2 ，但由于api的变化，您需要编写或实现一个抽象层，以便在db2上测试应用程序的同时可以继续在旧的数据库上运行。
In order to streamline runtime handling of the wsdl information and shield ourselves from potential changes of the used standards , we created a separate abstraction layer , optimized for searches , that is required for correct request routing 为对wsdl信息进行串行化的实时处理，并且使我们避开所使用的标准的潜在变化带来的影响，我们创建了一个单独的抽象层来优化搜索，这一点是正确的请求路由所必须的。
The data object simply checks for required fields or performs other business logic , and then stores the information or retrieves it from the database though a database abstraction layer - again , several database abstraction layers are freely available for php 数据对象仅检查必要字段或者执行其他业务逻辑，然后通过数据库提取层（当前为php提供了多种免费的数据库提取层）将信息存储到数据库中或者在数据库中检索数据。
