The fresnel and franhufer diffraction patterns , of regular shapes screen such as slits , rectangular apertures , circle apertures , discs , triangle apertures , ronchi gratings , and some irregular shapes screen , are observed in the different propagation distance . this clearly gives the relation and difference of the two diffraction patterns 具体分析了规则形状如单缝、矩孔、圆孔、圆盘、三角孔、黑白光栅及一些不规则形状等孔径的菲涅耳衍射和夫琅禾费衍射图样强度分布，为深入理解菲涅耳衍射和夫琅禾费衍射及其内在联系与区别提供了理论依据。
According to the structural feature of polarizing prisms , we transform the parameters related to the structure of prisms into geometric model , and use this model to solve the problem of the relation of different angles . along with fresnel formula and multiple - beam interference , we get the formula of light transmission 根据棱一镜的结构特点，将与棱镜结构有关的各参量转化为数学模型，利用此数学模型来解决各角度之间的关系问题，并结合菲涅耳公式和多光束干涉理论得到了棱镜的光强透射比分析公式。
Here , the spatial distribution of fresnel diffraction field and different talbot effects of sinusoidal grating are presented , under three different illuminating conditions . especially , we discussed some interesting properties about fresnel diffraction field and talbot image , when sinusoidal grating is illuminated by divergent spherical wave 特别地，我们讨论了发散球面波照明的情况下，菲涅耳衍射光场和泰伯像所具有的一些有趣的性质，如球面波对光场的放大作用，泰伯效应存在的条件等等。
The angle spectrum of inputting optical signals is received by the input surface of arrayed waveguides . whereas the diffraction process of light beam outputed in slab waveguide is a process of " composing frequency and generating image " . the reason that fraunhofer diffractive pattern can be gained on outputting waveguide surface is that output ends of arrayed waveguide distribute on the arch structure which leads bent phase factor to offset the quadratic phase factor in fresnel diffraction 输入平板波导内光束的衍射过程是“分频成谱”的过程，在阵列波导的输入面接收到的是输入光信息的角谱；而输出平板波导内光束的衍射过程则是“合频成像”的过程，正是由于阵列波导输出口排列分布在圆弧形结构上，其弯曲位相因子消去了菲涅耳衍射中的二次位相因子，从而在输出波导面上能够得到夫琅和费衍射图样。
In this context , the nlo properties of three kinds of essa ultrathin films are investigated systematically in terms of experiment and theory . the main contents are list in the following : based on the traditional z - scan theory and the huygens - fresnel ( h - f ) diffraction integral principle , we present a double - sided film z - scan theory that is suitable to characterize the nlo properties of the double - sided nonlinear mediums 本论文从实验和理论上系统地研究了三类静电自组装超薄膜的光学非线性,主要研究内容如下:在已有的z - scan理论基础之上,基于惠更斯-菲涅耳衍射积分原理推导出了适合于表征双面非线性介质光学非线性的双面膜z - scan理论。
All results obtained in this thesis show : structured illumination based on diffraction law , especially based on fresnel diffraction law , has some distinctive properties . such as the structured illumination field has wide view and measuring range , simple setup , easy to be adjusted , etc . so , applying structured illumination based on fresnel diffraction in 3d sensing system , that is of significant meaning and great application value 本文的工作表叫川人学帧i ：学位论义摘要明：基于衍射原理，特别是基于菲涅耳衍射原理的结构照明具有一些独特的优点，例如：结构照明光场具有很大的视场和很大的焦深，装置简单、易调整等等。
The main results of this thesis can be summarized as follows : 1 . based on the huygens - fresnel principle , we have derived the propagation expressions of the partially coherent beams passing through an annular lens optical system . the influence of the spectral degree of coherence , fresnel number and truncated parameter on the focused intensity distribution and focal shift is analyzed 主要工作包括: 1 .从惠更斯-菲涅耳原理出发,推导了部分相干光束通过环形透镜系统的传输公式,分析了空间相干度、菲涅耳数、拦截系数对系统中光束的聚焦光强和焦移的影响。
